岩巷掘进粉尘浓度监测与分布研究及数值模拟

发布时间：2018-01-12 17:16

本文关键词：岩巷掘进粉尘浓度监测与分布研究及数值模拟　出处：《安徽理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：这些年来,伴随高产高效矿井的发展,岩巷掘进产生的粉尘浓度越来越高。高浓度的粉尘不仅遮挡工作视线影响工人作业,微小的粉尘还会损坏机械设备的使用,高浓度的呼吸性粉尘更是严重危及掘进工作面工人的身体健康,粉尘治理日益成为防治工作的重点。本文对掘进工作面中掘进施工产生的粉尘和喷射混凝土的粉尘进行了深入研究,对掘进和锚喷的产尘机理、环节、位置和控尘技术作了研究与探讨,最后利用Fluent软件对岩巷掘进中粉尘浓度的变化进行了模拟。主要结论如下：(1)岩巷掘进粉尘主要来源于巷道掘进施工和喷射混凝土环节,爆破法施工时钻眼,综掘面的掘进机截齿截割岩体时会形成大量的粉尘。另外,工作面通风、岩石碎块下落、转载机工作等原因均会产生粉尘。喷射混凝土喷嘴工作会形成粉尘,喷射机工作和人工拌料都会增加巷道内粉尘浓度。(2)岩巷掘进降尘措施有内外喷雾、长压短抽式通风系统和除尘器的综合运用,通过降低转载点的落差、采用喷雾洒水、密闭抽尘来降低转载点处的粉尘浓度,利用抑尘剂吸附巷道的粉尘,控制掘进粉尘的扩散。喷射混凝土施工的降尘措施有采用合理的风压和水压力,控制喷嘴工作时与巷道壁面的距离,用潮料进行拌制,选择合理的风速来达到降尘效果。(3)在压入式通风的数值模拟中,全尘浓度和呼吸性粉尘浓度的规律基本一致,但呼吸性粉尘都为粒径小于5μm的小颗粒粉尘,质量小受重力影响小,在风流作用下不易沉降更易悬浮在巷道空间内部。与现场实测,实验研究相比,数值模拟投入更少,是现场实测、实验研究一种很好的补充。
[Abstract]:These years, with the development of coal mine, the dust concentration and rock drivage produced higher. High levels of dust exposed workers work not only blocked the sight effect, using tiny dust will damage the mechanical equipment, the high concentration of respirable dust is Yan Zhongwei and workers working face health, dust control has become the focus of prevention and control work. The tunneling construction dust generated on the heading face in the dust and shotcrete is studied, the mechanism of dust production of links, excavation and shotcrete, location and dust control technology for the research and discussion, finally using Fluent software to change the dust concentration in rock roadway simulation is carried out. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) driving dust mainly from rock roadway construction and concrete construction link, drilling and blasting method, the fully mechanized roadheader tooth Cutting rock will form a large amount of dust. In addition, working face ventilation, rock fragments falling, loader work and other reasons will produce dust. The shotcrete nozzle will form the dust, spray machine and artificial mixing will increase the dust concentration in the tunnel. (2) rock roadway dust measures inside and outside spray, comprehensive use of long short pressure pumping ventilation system and dust collector, by reducing the transpersite gap, the sprayer, airtight dust to reduce the dust concentration at the transfer point, the use of dust suppressant adsorption roadway, tunneling diffusion control dust. Spray dust measures of concrete construction is reasonable the air pressure and water pressure, nozzle distance control work and the wall, with a dry material mixing, reasonable selection of wind speed to achieve the effect of dust. (3) in the numerical simulation of forced ventilation in total dust and respirable dust concentration The concentration of the rules are basically the same, but the respirable dust for small particles of dust particle size less than 5 m, the quality of small gravity, in the air under the action of difficult settlement more easily suspended inside the tunnel space. Experimental study and field test, compared to numerical simulation is less, field test, experimental research a very good supplement.

【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD714.3

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