基于压缩试验与DIC的岩石脆性破坏特征与应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 05:05

本文关键词：基于压缩试验与DIC的岩石脆性破坏特征与应用研究　出处：《宁夏大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着地下岩体工程埋深的不断增加,深部岩体“三高一扰动”的(高地应力、高渗透地压、高地温以及强烈开采扰动)恶劣环境导致开采时出现冒顶、片帮等现象明显增多,甚至出现岩爆等动力地压灾害。岩石的脆性破坏问题给工人的生命安全和施工设备、岩体工程的稳定性等造成极大的威胁,因此许多岩石力学专家对岩石的脆性破坏开展系统的研究。岩石力学试验是对岩石力学性质研究的最基本也是最主要的手段,国内外岩石力学工作者通过室内试验对不同岩石在单、三轴条件下的力学性质、破坏特点等开展了广泛的研究,并借助各种先进的监测手段了解岩石内部的损伤破坏过程。本文针对岩体工程中频繁发生的脆性破坏现象,为研究不同防治措施对其防治效果,展开以下工作：(1)对不同岩石开展单、三轴压缩试验,同时为了对比,也对类岩石材料(砂浆、石膏等)进行压缩试验,研究不同试验条件下岩石的力学特性,尤其峰后力学行为的变化特点,从宏观上(不同岩石破坏过程的现象如声响、弹射和应力应变曲线特征)揭示不同岩石的脆性破坏特点和影响因素；(2)根据岩石脆性破坏的评价方法,定量分析不同试验条件如围压、试样含水率等对岩石脆性破坏强度的影响：(3)借助数字图像相关方法(DIC)对不同强度的岩石在变形破坏全过程的位移、应变场与破坏特征的关系进行了分析,并为岩石脆性破坏的监测和预警提供了一定的理论依据；(4)基于试验结果探讨不同的措施对岩石脆性破坏的防治效果,通过评估和讨论,得到了注水软化围岩法、加强支护法和钻孔卸压法的适用条件。
[Abstract]:With the increasing of buried depth of underground rock mass engineering, the bad environment of "three high and one disturbance" (high ground stress, high permeability ground pressure, high ground temperature and strong mining disturbance) in deep rock mass results in roof fall. The phenomena such as flaps increase obviously, even the dynamic ground pressure disasters such as rockburst occur. The brittle failure of rock causes great threat to the safety of workers' life and construction equipment, the stability of rock mass engineering, and so on. Therefore, many rock mechanics experts have carried out systematic research on brittle failure of rock. Rock mechanics test is the most basic and main means to study rock mechanical properties. Through laboratory tests, domestic and foreign rock mechanics workers have carried out extensive research on the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of different rocks under uniaxial and triaxial conditions. And with the help of various advanced monitoring means to understand the damage and failure process of rock. This paper aims at the phenomenon of brittle failure frequently occurring in rock mass engineering, in order to study the prevention and cure effect of different prevention measures. The following work is carried out: (1) uniaxial and triaxial compression tests on different rocks, and compression tests on rock-like materials (mortar, gypsum, etc.) for comparison. This paper studies the mechanical properties of rock under different test conditions, especially the changing characteristics of post-peak mechanical behavior, from the macroscopic point of view (the phenomena of different rock failure processes such as sound). The characteristics of ejection and stress-strain curves reveal the brittle failure characteristics and influencing factors of different rocks. 2) according to the evaluation method of brittle failure of rock, quantitative analysis of different test conditions such as confining pressure. The influence of moisture content on the brittle failure strength of rock the displacement of rock with different strength in the whole process of deformation and failure is studied by means of digital image correlation method (DICs). The relationship between strain field and failure characteristics is analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis for monitoring and early warning of brittle failure of rock. Based on the test results, the effects of different measures on the prevention and treatment of rock brittleness failure are discussed. Through evaluation and discussion, the applicable conditions of water injection softening surrounding rock method, strengthening support method and borehole pressure relief method are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD313

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