乳液聚合制备纳米粒子捕收剂及其表征

发布时间：2018-01-16 19:42

  本文关键词：乳液聚合制备纳米粒子捕收剂及其表征　出处：《江西理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 微细粒 黄铜矿 乳液聚合 纳米粒子 捕收剂

【摘要】：由于微细粒级矿物粒度小,质量和动量很小,界面自由能很高,导致其氧化速率高,溶解度增大,对药剂选择性吸附差,浮选速率低,矿泥罩盖、机械夹杂严重,使得微细粒级矿物成为选矿领域的难题之一。近年来,国外开始有学者在进行纳米粒子浮选捕收剂方面的研究,因而应用纳米粒子做微细粒矿物浮选捕收剂既有理论依据又有现实根据。本论文首先根据浮选对捕收剂性质的要求及乳液聚合单体性质,设计合成St、MBT和St、VI二元共聚物,并通过聚合反应式和MS模拟来预测聚合产物可能的结构式。接着考察了乳液聚合制备新型疏水性纳米粒子捕收剂过程中,不同条件对纳米粒子捕收剂单体转化率和粒径的影响,寻找最佳的合成条件。然后对纳米粒子捕收剂进行了红外光谱、激光粒度、扫描电镜、Zeta电位和接触角测试来分析纳米粒子捕收剂的表面形貌、成分等特性。接着用不同条件下合成的纳米粒子作捕收剂分别对微细粒黄铜矿、石英和黄铁矿进行了浮选用量和p H值条件试验,以获得纳米粒子捕收剂作用效果。最后从矿物与纳米粒子捕收剂作用前后的红外光谱、Zeta电位、接触角和扫描电镜测试,分析了纳米粒子捕收剂与三种矿物的作用机理。在单体苯乙烯用量5.0 g,乳化剂SDS用量0.08 g,引发剂APS用量0.025 g,功能型单体2-巯基苯并噻唑为0.125 g,搅拌速度为400 r/min,温度为70℃的条件下合成的纳米粒子捕收剂HNP的单体转化率和粒径最优,分别为86.20%和77 nm。扫描电镜结果说明HNP的粒径大小、均匀性和分散性都是最好的。HNP的红外光谱图说明合成的聚合物中,St中的C=C双键和BMT的C=N双键分别打开发生聚合。接触角测试发现HNP的接触角为105.29,疏水性较好。纯矿物浮选实验结果说明不同纳米粒子捕收剂的回收效果不同,HNP的回收效果最好。在自然p H值条件下,纳米粒子乳液用量为1.0ml,无起泡剂时,能很好地实现微细粒黄铜矿与黄铁矿、石英的分离。红外光谱图和Zeta电位图可知,HNP与黄铜矿和黄铁矿之间存在化学吸附,与石英之间只存在氢键作用。接触角测试影响试验可知,HNP对黄铜矿的接触角有极大的增大,对黄铁矿的接触角也有增大,而对石英接触角的增大却不明显。由扫描电镜图可知,矿物的回收率与HNP在其表面的吸附有直接关系,HNP在三种矿物表面的吸附量大小顺序为:黄铜矿黄铁矿石英,与回收率结果一致。
[Abstract]:Due to the small particle size, small mass and momentum, high interface free energy, high oxidation rate, increased solubility, poor selective adsorption of reagent, low flotation rate, mineral mud cover. The mechanical inclusion is very serious, which makes the fine grained mineral become one of the difficult problems in the field of mineral processing. In recent years, some scholars abroad began to study the collector of nano-particle flotation. Therefore, the use of nano-particles as flotation collector has both theoretical and practical basis. Firstly, St was designed and synthesized according to the requirements of flotation for collector properties and the properties of emulsion polymerization monomer. The binary copolymers of MBT and Stu VI were used to predict the possible structure of polymerization products by polymerization reaction and MS simulation. Then the process of preparing new hydrophobic nanoparticles collector by emulsion polymerization was investigated. The effects of different conditions on monomer conversion and particle size of nano-particle collector were studied to find the best synthesis conditions. Then infrared spectroscopy laser particle size scanning electron microscope were used to study the properties of nano-particle collector. Zeta potential and contact angle measurements were used to analyze the surface morphology, composition and other properties of nano-particle collector, and then nano-particles were used as collector for fine chalcopyrite under different conditions. The flotation dosage and pH value of quartz and pyrite were tested in order to obtain the effect of nano-particle collector. Finally, the Zeta potential was obtained from the infrared spectrum before and after the interaction between mineral and nano-particle collector. The contact angle and scanning electron microscope (SEM) test showed that the interaction mechanism of the collector with three minerals was analyzed. The amount of monomer styrene was 5.0 g and the amount of emulsifier SDS was 0.08 g. The amount of initiator APS was 0.025 g, the functional monomer 2-mercaptobenzothiazole was 0.125g, and the stirring speed was 400rpm. The monomer conversion and particle size of HNP were optimized at 70 鈩，

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