岩溶区典型采矿迹地遥感监测方法对比研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 23:07

本文关键词： 采石场高分辨率遥感影像波段运算多规则面向对象　出处：《昆明理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：矿产资源是国民经济和社会建设的重要物质基础。采石场是开采石灰石等资源的采矿用地,由于采石场露天开采的方式和落后的监管模式,使得其开采活动造成了环境的极大破坏,也不利于资源可持续利用的政策方针。本文以云南省砚山县江那镇为研究区,采用SPOT6高分辨率遥感影像及相关地理空间辅助数据为数据源,利用遥感技术对江那镇的采石场用地信息进行了监测提取对比研究。主要研究内容如下:(1)针对原始数据源进行数据预处理,包括遥感影像的辐射校正、几何校正、影像裁剪及辅助数据的预处理。(2)研究、分析采石场这一典型地物类型的光谱特征,设计了 SPOT6遥感影像的红光波段与蓝光波段的比值运算模型对影像进行波段运算处理,以有效地凸显采石场用地区域,并压抑其它背景地物,最后利用灰度分割的方法提取采石场的用地信息。(3)针对影像分割过程中产生的过分割现象,首先采用灰度膨胀的形态学滤波方法对影像进行滤波处理,达到抑制过分割现象的目的,然后针对待提取地物的光谱、纹理等特征,设计相应的提取规则集合对采石场的用地信息进行提取监测。(4)结合野外调查的先验经验,对遥感影像进行目视解译,所得结果作为参考图像,采用混淆矩阵及相应的精度评价指标对波段运算方法、多规则面向对象方法所提取监测的结果进行逐像元的精度评定,并将不同的监测结果进行叠加对比分析,从而论证两种方法的正确性和各自的优缺点。
[Abstract]:Mineral resources are the important material foundation of national economy and social construction. Quarries are the mining land of limestone and other resources, due to the way of open-pit mining and backward supervision mode. Make its mining activities caused great damage to the environment, but also not conducive to sustainable use of resources policy. This paper takes Jiangna Town, Yanshan County, Yunnan Province as the research area. SPOT6 high-resolution remote sensing images and related geospatial auxiliary data are used as data sources. Using remote sensing technology to monitor and extract the information of quarry land in Jiangna town. The main contents of the study are as follows: 1) data preprocessing for the original data source, including remote sensing image radiation correction. Geometric correction, image clipping and auxiliary data preprocessing. The ratio operation model of red and blue bands of SPOT6 remote sensing image is designed to deal with the wave band in order to effectively highlight the area of quarry land and suppress other background features. Finally, the grayscale segmentation method is used to extract the land information of quarry. (3) aiming at the over-segmentation phenomenon in the image segmentation process, firstly, the morphological filtering method of gray expansion is used to filter the image. To suppress the phenomenon of over-segmentation, and then to extract the features of the spectrum, texture and other features. Design the corresponding extraction rule set to extract and monitor the land information of quarry. 4) combined with the prior experience of field investigation, the remote sensing image can be visually interpreted, and the result can be used as reference image. By using the confusion matrix and the corresponding precision evaluation index, the accuracy of the monitoring results extracted by the multi-rule object-oriented method and the band operation method are evaluated by pixel by pixel, and the different monitoring results are analyzed by superposition and comparison. Thus, the correctness of the two methods and their advantages and disadvantages are demonstrated.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD676

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