抚顺东露天矿油页岩台阶爆破参数优化研究

发布时间：2018-02-02 06:34

本文关键词： 图像分析预测尾矿率大块率块度分布爆破参数　出处：《辽宁工程技术大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：爆破是露天开采的首要工序,直接影响露天矿山的安全效益与经济利益。抚顺东露天矿油页岩爆破后大块率、尾矿率较高,严重影响矿山经济效益,降低大块及尾矿的发生率是抚顺东露天矿亟待解决的重要问题之一。论文以抚顺东露天矿油页岩台阶爆破为研究背景,运用现场调研、理论分析、现场试验、图像处理等手段和方法,研究了不同爆破参数下油页岩爆破块度的变化,从而确定最优爆破参数。研究结果表明,在该露天矿山,爆破块度预测最准确的模型为图像分析预测模型,油页岩台阶爆破过程中,对爆破块度影响较大的因素为炸药单耗、炸药波阻抗、钻孔直径及炮孔密集系数。确定最优炸药单耗为0.16～0.175kg/m3；最优波阻抗为600Kg.s-1.cm-2；最优布孔方式为120mm孔径钻机,矩形布孔,孔距5m排距5m。该方案对抚顺东露天矿油页岩爆破具有指导性意义,为国内外类似条件下的爆破参数优化具有借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Blasting is the primary process of open-pit mining, which directly affects the safety and economic benefits of open-pit mines. In Fushun East Open-pit Coal Mine, the rate of large blocks and tailings is high, which seriously affects the economic benefits of mines. Reducing the occurrence rate of bulk and tailings is one of the important problems to be solved in Fushun East Open-pit Mine. Based on the research background of oil shale bench blasting in Fushun East Open-pit Mine, field investigation, theoretical analysis and field test are used in this paper. By means of image processing and other methods, the variation of the fragmentation of oil shale blasting under different blasting parameters is studied, and the optimum blasting parameters are determined. The results show that in this open pit mine. The most accurate model for predicting blasting fragmentation is image analysis and prediction model. In the process of oil shale bench blasting, the factors that have a great influence on blasting fragmentation are explosive unit consumption and explosive wave impedance. The borehole diameter and borehole density coefficient. The optimum explosive unit consumption is 0.16 ~ 0.175 kg / m ~ (3); The optimum wave impedance is 600Kg.s-1.cm-2; The optimum drilling method is 120mm hole drill, rectangular hole layout and 5 m hole spacing. This method is of guiding significance for oil shale blasting in Fushun East Open-pit Mine. It can be used for reference for the optimization of blasting parameters under similar conditions at home and abroad.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD83;TD235

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