基于声发射监测的垴窖铁矿地下开采地压活动规律研究

发布时间：2018-02-02 19:12

本文关键词： 垴窖铁矿采空区声发射地压活动灰色—突变理论　出处：《武汉科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：鄂东地区中小型矿企数量众多，高危采空区泛滥，失稳事故频发，空区防治手段相对落后，严重威胁着矿山安全生产。本文通过介绍中小型矿山监测系统的一般体系及声发射监测技术的基本原理，结合垴窖铁矿现场实际情况，对地下采空区应力集中区域和关键性结构进行声发射监测，量化分析了各采空区围岩及矿柱的应力场变化情况，初步得出了垴窖铁矿采空区地压活动的时空变化规律；同时，应用灰色—突变理论模型模拟和预测各监测点的声发射发展趋势，并对当前地下采空区回采过程中地压活动状况及稳定性进行了评价和预测。研究表明，采空区开挖或空区规模变化引起的地压活动是一个动态变化的过程，且存在在一定的滞后性；通过对比各监测点声发射参数大小表明，空区开挖等造成的各监测区域之间的地压活动强弱有明显区别，但与监测区域所在空间位置关系不大。此外，根据采空区监测点长期的监测数据，应用灰色—突变理论，预测垴窖铁矿地下采空区短期内不会出现明显的地压活动，采空区基本处于相对稳定状态。通过垴窖铁矿现场实践表明，以声发射监测为基础对矿山地下开采引发的地压活动规律的研究，为矿山采空区矿石高效回采及残矿安全回收提供了重要科学依据，为矿山的安全生产和可持续发展提供了重要的保障。
[Abstract]:The number of small and medium-sized mining enterprises in East Hubei is numerous, the high risk goaf is flooded, the accidents of instability occur frequently, and the prevention and cure measures of the empty area are relatively backward. This paper introduces the general system of small and medium-sized mine monitoring system and the basic principle of acoustic emission monitoring technology, combined with the actual situation of Nao Jiao Iron Mine. The stress concentration area and key structure in underground goaf are monitored by acoustic emission, and the variation of stress field of surrounding rock and pillar in each goaf is analyzed quantitatively. The temporal and spatial variation of ground pressure activity in goaf area of Nao Jiao Iron Mine was preliminarily obtained. At the same time, the grey catastrophe theory model is used to simulate and predict the development trend of acoustic emission at various monitoring points, and the current ground pressure activity and stability in the process of mining in underground goaf are evaluated and forecasted. The research shows that the ground pressure activity caused by the excavation of goaf or the change of goaf scale is a dynamic change process and exists in a certain lag. By comparing the acoustic emission parameters of each monitoring point, it is shown that the ground pressure activity of each monitoring area caused by the excavation of the empty area is obviously different, but it has little relationship with the location of the monitoring area. Based on the long-term monitoring data of goaf monitoring points, the grey catastrophe theory is applied to predict that there will be no obvious ground pressure activity in the underground goaf of Nao Jiao Iron Mine in a short period of time, and the goaf is basically in a relatively stable state. Through the field practice of Nao Jiao Iron Mine, it is shown that the law of ground pressure activity caused by underground mining is studied on the basis of acoustic emission monitoring. It provides an important scientific basis for high efficiency mining of ore and safe recovery of residual ore in goaf, and provides an important guarantee for safe production and sustainable development of mines.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD326

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