某露天矿采场地下水调查研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 20:10

本文关键词： 露天矿地下水物探方法　出处：《内蒙古科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在露天矿的开采过程中，炮孔水对生产的影响非常大。从经济角度讲，富水的炮孔需要用到价格更高的乳化炸药，生产成本非常大；从安全角度讲炮孔水的赋存严重影响爆破效果,如果不能及时疏干会影响边坡的稳定性，容易造成滑坡。所以如何解决水患是露天矿开采的重要问题，而必须要做的是探明露天矿地下水的赋存情况。本文首先讨论了地下水对露天矿的影响方式和国内外探测地下水的技术方法，在对高密度电法和地质雷达两种物探方法原理以及数据处理进行理论分析之后，选择综合应用这两种物探方法对露天矿地下水进行调查研究。其次，对某露天矿一采场的地质水文情况进行调查，初步断定采区岩石以板岩、白云岩和云母岩为主，两条断层平行切割矿区可能是水运移的通道，同时利用露天矿不断开采剥离的特殊性，通过矿区揭露的岩层中炮孔内的水量调查，绘制了采区的富水预测图。最后，对勘探区进行物探测量得到了地质数据，转入室内进行数据处理分析。对地质雷达回波信号的偏移处理和高密度电阻率法的成像反演原理进行了详细的描述。此外，根据实测的高密度电法数据用克里金空间数据插值法进行了三维空间数据体分析。将炮孔实测图、手绘地质剖面图和爆区预报平面图等与高密度电法剖面图进行对比印证分析，综合验证后得到较为准确详细的富水分布图。通过总结该露天矿地下水的调查研究，认为综合使用两种物探方法对下水的研究，可以充分发挥两者的优点，较为准确详实的确定水分布区域和岩层含水特征，，在此基础上为露天矿的水害防治提供一些建议。同时，为相关地下水研究领域的物探应用提供了参考。
[Abstract]:In the mining process of opencast mine, the influence of perforated water on production is very great. From the economic point of view, water-rich holes need to use more expensive emulsion explosives, and the production cost is very large. From the safety point of view, the occurrence of borehole water has a serious impact on the blasting effect, if it cannot be drained in time, it will affect the stability of the slope and easily cause the landslide. So how to solve the flood problem is an important problem in open-pit mining. What must be done is to find out the occurrence of underground water in opencast mines. This paper first discusses the influence of groundwater on open-pit mine and the technical methods of groundwater detection at home and abroad. After the theoretical analysis of the principles and data processing of two geophysical prospecting methods of high-density electric method and ground penetrating radar. These two geophysical methods are used to investigate the underground water in open-pit mines. Secondly, the geological and hydrological conditions of the first stope of an open-pit mine are investigated, and it is preliminarily concluded that the main rock in the mining area is slate, dolomite and mica rock, and the two faults parallel cutting the mining area may be the passage of water migration. At the same time, by using the particularity of continuous mining and stripping in opencast mine, through the investigation of water quantity in the hole in the rock layer exposed by the mining area, the prediction map of water enrichment in the mining area is drawn. Finally, geological data are obtained by geophysical survey of the exploration area. The migration processing of echo signal of GPR and the imaging inversion principle of high density resistivity method are described in detail. Based on the measured data of high density electrical method, the volume analysis of 3D spatial data is carried out by using Kriging spatial data interpolation method. The hand-drawn geological profile and the blasting area prediction plan are compared with the high-density electrical section, and a more accurate and detailed water-rich distribution map is obtained after comprehensive verification. Through summing up the investigation and study of the underground water in the open-pit mine, it is considered that the advantages of the two methods can be brought into full play by the comprehensive use of the two geophysical methods for the study of the water. On the basis of this, some suggestions are provided for the prevention and control of water hazards in open-pit mines. At the same time, reference is provided for the geophysical exploration application in the field of related groundwater research.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD824;TD163

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