深部特厚泥岩底板巷道底臌机理及治理技术研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 10:29

本文关键词： 深部巷道特厚泥岩底板底臌极限自稳平衡拱 FLAC~(3D)数值模拟锚注联合支护　出处：《中国矿业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：由于传统的支护手段往往集中于顶板和两帮,底板成为整个巷道支护中的薄弱点,特别是对于特厚泥岩底板巷道,易发生严重的底臌,接着两帮和顶板失去了稳定的基础,最终形成巷道全断面的变形破坏,往往陷入破坏—修复—再破坏—再修复的恶性循环。本论文综合利用理论分析、实验室试验、FLAC~(3D)数值模拟、工业性试验的研究方法,以蒋家河煤矿二采区东回风大巷为工程背景,详细分析了巷道的围岩成份和特性,筛选出底臌产生的影响因素,并提出了有针对性的治理方法。主要研究内容及成果如下:1)介绍了回风大巷地质概况和破坏现状。巷道顶板以上4.7 m范围内岩体主要为砂质泥岩、煤、泥岩的混层;底板10m以内为深灰色泥岩或炭质泥岩、铝土质泥岩,强度极低。回风大巷总长1500m,其中底臌量超过1m的巷段总长达900m,局部最大底臌量超2.2m,顶板的破坏形式表现为拱顶喷层大片开裂脱落、拱顶受挤压错动破坏出现网兜,拱顶出现V字破坏三种。2)分析了巷道岩性及影响底臌的主要因素。由X射线衍射结果和透射电镜实验分析可知:回风大巷顶底板围岩主要成分是高岭石和伊\蒙混合物,并含少量蒙脱石,含量分别为59%、38%和3%,在遇水条件下会发生快速膨胀与泥化。巷道底臌主要受巷道围岩特性、地应力、水理作用、现有支护形式以及ZF1402工作面采动等因素的影响,属于复合型底臌。3)根据巷道极限自稳平衡拱理论制定了巷道治理方案。基于巷道极限平衡拱整环支护、治顶先治帮、治帮先治底、结合部是关键的软岩巷道支护原则,结合回风大巷的底臌特点,确定采用重点对巷道底板进行强力锚索支护配合注浆加固的加固方案,同时也对两帮和顶板进行锚注加固,形成底板—两帮—顶板的整环控制结构,充分利用围岩的自稳性,减小不稳定区并使其转化为稳定区,即采用高性能锚带网索和注浆加固联合支护技术。4)利用FLAC~(3D)对不同支护方式的效果进行验证。利用FLAC~(3D)数值模拟软件对原支护设计、仅锚杆锚索加固、仅注浆加固、锚注联合支护四种方案的支护效果进行数值模拟,确定采用锚注联合加固方案,可以对巷道进行有效加固,有效减小围岩变形量,降低初期变形速率,切实维护巷道围岩的稳定性。5)在蒋家河煤矿回风大巷的现场应用表明巷道变形破坏得到有效控制,有效维护了巷道的稳定性。
[Abstract]:Because the traditional support means are often concentrated on the roof and the two sides, the floor becomes the weak spot in the whole roadway support, especially for the very thick mudstone floor roadway, it is easy to produce serious floor heave. Then the two sides and the roof lost the stable foundation, and finally formed the deformation and destruction of the whole section of the roadway, and often fell into a vicious circle of break-repair, re-destruction-rerepair. The numerical simulation and industrial test method of laboratory test are used to analyze the composition and characteristics of surrounding rock of the roadway with the background of east return wind roadway in the second mining area of Jiangjiahe coal mine. The influencing factors of floor heave were screened out. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1) the geological situation and damage status of the return wind roadway are introduced. The rock mass within 4.7 m above the roadway roof is mainly sandy mudstone. Mixed layers of coal and mudstone; The bottom plate is dark gray mudstone or carbonaceous mudstone, aluminous mudstone with very low strength. The total length of return wind roadway is 1500m, and the total length of roadway with floor heave over 1m is 900m. The local maximum floor heave is more than 2.2 m.The failure form of roof is as follows: the roof sprays a lot of cracks and falls off, and the arch roof is damaged by the staggered extrusion and appears a net pocket. Three types of V damage on the vault.). The lithology of the roadway and the main factors affecting the floor heave are analyzed. The results of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy show that the main composition of the surrounding rock of the roof and floor of the return wind roadway is the mixture of kaolinite and Yi\ Meng. And a small amount of montmorillonite, the content of 59% and 3%, in the case of water will occur rapid expansion and mudding. The roadway floor heave is mainly affected by the roadway surrounding rock characteristics, geostress, hydrological action. The influence of the existing supporting form and the mining movement of ZF1402 face etc. According to the theory of roadway ultimate self-stable equilibrium arch, the roadway treatment scheme is established. Based on the roadway ultimate equilibrium arch integral support, the roof first to control the slope, the first to cure the bottom. The joint part is the key soft rock roadway support principle, combined with the return wind roadway floor heave characteristic, determined the key to the roadway floor floor to carry on the strong anchor cable support with the grouting reinforcement reinforcement plan. At the same time, the two sides and roof are reinforced by anchor grouting to form the integral control structure of bottom slab-two-made-roof, make full use of the self-stability of surrounding rock, reduce the unstable area and transform it into the stable zone. That is to say, the combined support technology of high performance bolting cable and grouting is used to verify the effect of different support methods by using FLACU 3D), and the effect of different support methods is verified by using FLACU 3D). Numerical simulation software for the original support design. Only bolting cable reinforcement, only grouting reinforcement, bolt-grouting combined support of the four schemes of numerical simulation, determined the use of bolt-grouting combined reinforcement scheme, can be effective reinforcement of the roadway. Effectively reduce the amount of surrounding rock deformation, reduce the initial deformation rate, and maintain the stability of roadway surrounding rock. 5) the field application in Jiangjiahe coal mine wind return roadway shows that the roadway deformation damage has been effectively controlled. The stability of roadway is maintained effectively.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD353

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