川西典型磷矿床中稀土元素的赋存状态研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 02:04

本文关键词： 川西磷矿稀土元素赋存状态磷块岩独居石　出处：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：元素赋存状态的研究是矿床物质组成研究的重要内容之一,它对于研究元素迁移规律、矿物和矿床形成条件以及对矿床的工业评价、矿石选冶工艺指标及流程的拟定皆有重大的理论和实际意义,特别是稀土元素的赋存状态研究更具有重要价值。这是因为稀土元素往往对地质作用中元素迁移成矿过程的物理化学条件特别敏感,能较理想地指示矿物、矿床的形成等一系列地球化学问题。同时,由于它们在工业应用和国民经济中所占有的特殊地位,因而在矿床评价和矿石综合利用方面成为不可缺少,甚至是举足轻重的因素。中国是当今世界最大磷肥生产国,亦是第一大磷石膏副产国,在磷矿的开采或磷肥的生产过程中往往忽略了磷矿石中稀土元素的存在,造成了极大了资源浪费。磷是四川省优势矿产之一,目前在四川省已发现大中型矿产地有60余处,其中大型12处、中型2处、小型20处,已探明的的资源储量达18亿吨。矿产潜力评价圈出了5个预测工作区,预测磷矿资源潜力48.3亿吨,主要分布在绵竹、马边、雷波等地区。本文选取川西地区的雷波莫红磷矿区、马边暴风坪磷矿区、绵竹王家坪磷矿区、什邡马槽滩磷矿区和绵竹清平龙王庙磷矿区5个典型磷矿区的磷矿石作为研究对象,利用等离子质谱仪ICP-MS、扫描电镜配合能谱分析、电子探针分析方法,研究了川西这个5个典型磷矿区中磷矿石的稀土含量变化,并与贵州织金含稀土磷矿床进行了对比。结果表明,雷波莫红磷矿区、马边暴风坪磷矿区、绵竹王家坪磷矿区、什邡马槽滩磷矿区的磷矿石稀土含量均难以达到工来开采品位,而绵竹清平龙王庙磷矿区的磷矿石稀土含量为贵州织金含稀土磷矿床的2倍多,并且该矿区的稀土元素是独立矿物独居石的形式赋存在磷矿石中。我国磷资源虽然丰富,但中、低品位磷矿约占资源总量的92%,磷矿资源的综合利用只有通过中、低品位磷矿的富集才能实现。稀土是重要的战略性资源之一,是高技术重要资源支撑,也是我国的优势矿产之一。作为世界稀土资源和磷矿资源的大国,保护资源、提高资源利用率的任务十分艰巨。因此,本文还研究了国内外有关从磷矿石中提取稀土元素的方法,希望能够为低品位的磷矿开采和综合利用的研究提供一定的帮助。
[Abstract]:The study of the occurrence state of elements is one of the important contents in the study of ore deposit material composition. It can be used to study the law of element migration, the formation conditions of minerals and deposits, and the industrial evaluation of ore deposits. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to draw up the technical index and process of ore processing and metallurgy. In particular, the study of the occurrence state of rare earth elements is of great value, because rare earth elements are often very sensitive to the physical and chemical conditions of their migration and mineralization in geological processes and can indicate minerals more ideally. A series of geochemical problems such as the formation of ore deposits. At the same time, because of their special status in industrial application and national economy, they are indispensable in ore deposit evaluation and ore comprehensive utilization. China is now the world's largest producer of phosphate fertilizer and the largest phosphogypsum by-product country. It often ignores the presence of rare earth elements in phosphate ore or in the process of phosphate fertilizer production. Phosphorus is one of the dominant minerals in Sichuan Province. At present, there are more than 60 large and medium-sized mineral sites in Sichuan Province, of which 12 are large, 2 are medium and 20 are small. The proven reserves of resources amount to 1.8 billion tons. Five prediction workspaces have been set up for mineral potential evaluation, and 4.83 billion tons of predicted phosphate resources have been predicted, mainly distributed in Mianzhu, Mabian, Leibo, etc. In this paper, the Redphosphorus mine area of Leibomo in western Sichuan is selected. The phosphate rock of five typical phosphate rock areas in Mabian Xuefengping Phosphate Mine area, Mianzhu Wangjiaping Phosphate Mine area, Shifang Machoutan Phosphate Mine area and Mianzhu Qingping Longwangmiao Phosphate Mine area were used as research objects. Plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for energy dispersive analysis. The change of rare earth content of phosphate rock in five typical phosphate rock areas in western Sichuan was studied by using electron probe analysis method, and compared with that of Zhijin rare earth containing phosphate deposit in Guizhou. The results show that the opomo red phosphorus mining area, the Mabian Xuefengping phosphate ore area, The rare earth content of phosphate rock in Wangjiaping phosphate rock area, Shifang City is difficult to reach the grade of mining, but the rare earth content of phosphate rock in Qingping Longwangmiao phosphate ore area in Mianzhu Qingping is more than twice as high as that in Zhijin rare earth phosphate deposit in Guizhou. And the rare earth elements in this mine are the form of independent mineral monazite, which occurs in phosphate rock. Although China is rich in phosphorus resources, the low grade phosphate rock accounts for about 922% of the total resources, and the comprehensive utilization of phosphate rock resources can only be passed through. Rare earth is one of the important strategic resources, is the support of high-tech important resources, is also one of the superior minerals in China. As a large country of rare earth resources and phosphate rock resources in the world, protect resources, Therefore, this paper also studies the methods of extracting rare earth elements from phosphate rock at home and abroad, hoping to provide some help for the study of low grade phosphate rock mining and comprehensive utilization.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P619.213

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