立式辊磨机主辊摇臂参数化建模及结构优化

发布时间：2018-02-12 07:24

本文关键词： 立磨摇臂参数化有限元结构优化遗传算法　出处：《江西理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：立式辊磨机是一种用于物料粉磨的大型设备,在水泥、陶瓷、矿山、冶金等行业中广泛使用。摇臂是立磨加载系统的重要部件,起着传递磨辊碾压力的重要作用,对立磨的可靠性和安全性起着重要作用。当前国内的立磨设计,主要靠引进消化吸收国外技术,存在部分关键问题研究不够深入,设计基于经验等问题,且设计过程中重复工作量大,效率不高,不能根据用户要求,实现快速设计。本文以某型号立式矿渣磨主辊摇臂为研究对象,针对摇臂质量较大、设计效率低下等问题,将摇臂结构参数化,基于ANSYS参数化设计语言和遗传算法对其进行结构分析和优化,论文主要进行了以下工作:(1)详细分析了立式矿渣磨的结构特点及工艺流程,并介绍了遗传算法的主要步骤及计算过程中控制参数的确定方法,主要包括种群大小、交叉变异率和收敛准则等参数。(2)对主辊摇臂系统的油压变化进行了测量,将测得的数据作为后续分析时的载荷步。之后选取主辊摇臂六个部位的尺寸作为参数,基于ANSYS APDL语言编写参数化有限元分析过程的命令流。在此基础上对摇臂进行了结构分析,得到了六个尺寸参数对最大应力、位移及一阶自振频率的影响规律。(3)以摇臂质量最小化为目标构建结构优化数学模型,融合ANSYS APDL语言和数值计算软件MATLAB中集成的遗传算法工具箱求解优化模型,实现了优化计算过程中MATLAB对ANSYS的后台调用和两者间的参数传递。分析了遗传计算过程中质量、最大应力、位移以及一阶自振频率随遗传进化代数的变化规律,并分析了不同变异率对遗传算法计算过程的影响。上述研究工作为摇臂的结构分析和优化提供了理论和技术参考,对立磨轻量化和经济性具有重要意义,参数化模型的建立,实现了摇臂建模和分析计算的自动化,大大减小了建模和分析的工作量,提高了设计效率,对同类型问题有一定的参考意义。
[Abstract]:Vertical roller mill is a kind of large equipment used for grinding materials. It is widely used in cement, ceramics, mining, metallurgy and other industries. Rocker arm is an important part of vertical mill loading system and plays an important role in transferring roller pressure. It plays an important role in the reliability and safety of vertical mill. At present, the design of vertical mill in China mainly depends on the introduction of digestion and absorption of foreign technology, and some key problems are not deeply studied, and the design is based on experience, etc. In the design process, the repetitive workload is large, the efficiency is not high, and the rapid design can not be realized according to the requirements of the user. This paper takes a certain type of vertical slag mill main roller rocker arm as the research object, aiming at the problems of the rocker arm quality is large, the design efficiency is low, and so on. The structure of rocker arm is parameterized and analyzed and optimized based on ANSYS parametric design language and genetic algorithm. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the structural characteristics and technological process of vertical slag mill are analyzed in detail. The main steps of genetic algorithm and the method of determining control parameters in the calculation process are introduced, including population size, crossover variation rate and convergence criterion. The oil pressure variation of the main roll rocker arm system is measured. The measured data is taken as the load step in the subsequent analysis. Then the dimensions of six parts of the main roller rocker arm are selected as parameters, and the command flow of the parameterized finite element analysis process is compiled based on the ANSYS APDL language. On this basis, the structure of the rocker arm is analyzed. The influence of six dimension parameters on the maximum stress, displacement and first-order natural vibration frequency is obtained. The mathematical model of structural optimization is constructed with the aim of minimizing the mass of the rocker arm. The optimization model is solved by integrating the genetic algorithm toolbox integrated in ANSYS APDL language and numerical calculation software MATLAB. The backstage call of MATLAB to ANSYS and the parameter transfer between them in the process of optimization calculation are realized. The quality of genetic calculation process is analyzed. The variation of maximum stress, displacement and first-order natural vibration frequency with genetic evolution algebra, The effects of different mutation rates on the calculation process of genetic algorithm are analyzed. The above research work provides a theoretical and technical reference for the structure analysis and optimization of rocker arm, which is of great significance to the lightweight and economical of vertical mill, and the establishment of parameterized model. It realizes the automation of modeling and analysis of rocker arm, greatly reduces the workload of modeling and analysis, improves the design efficiency, and has a certain reference significance for the same type of problems.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD453

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