防爆柴油机车手动循环换挡机构换挡性能研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 00:49

本文关键词： 换挡机构换挡性能虚拟样机动力学仿真　出处：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：防爆柴油机车具有牵引力大、过载能力强、工作效率高、机动灵活等特点,广泛使用于煤矿井下的轨道运输。防爆柴油机车的换挡操作复杂,驾驶员操作难度大,另外,井下的工作环境恶劣,长时间紧张的工作容易使驾驶员出现驾驶疲劳,从而导致误操作,甚至发生事故。为了使防爆柴油机车的换挡操作更加简便,降低驾驶员的工作强度,使用手动循环换挡机构代替当前的换挡机构。手动循环换挡机构由普通手动换挡机构改进而来,只设置升档和降档两个档位,简化了换挡操作,降低了驾驶人员的操作强度,对防爆柴油机车的推广具有积极作用。本文借助于虚拟样机技术对手动循环换挡机构的换挡性能进行了研究,对手动循环换挡机构的设计及在防爆柴油机车上的应用具有参考价值。首先,介绍手动循环换挡机构的结构组成及工作原理,分析同步器的同步过程,以普通汽车为例探讨换挡性能的评价方法。其次,对手动循环换挡机构的换挡过程和同步器同步理论模型进行分析,得出影响换档过程的关键参数,研究各个参数的计算方法,为建立手动循环换挡机构虚拟样机提供理论依据。然后,以CCG8型防爆柴油机车为例,使用三维建模软件CATIA、接口软件Sim Designer和多体动力学仿真软件ADAMS建立手动循环换挡机构的虚拟样机模型。结合实际工况,对手动循环换挡机构的升档和降档过程、不同换挡速度及变速鼓凸轮槽升角对换挡力的影响进行动力学仿真分析,通过仿真得出的换挡力曲线分析其换挡性能。得出以下结论:(1)一档升二档及二档降一档过程的二次冲击力与最大换挡力的比值稍大,其他换挡过程的最大换挡力和二次冲击力均在合理的范围内,驾驶员换挡操作轻便舒适,手动循环换挡机构具有较好的换挡性能;(2)驾驶员的换挡速度越快,换挡过程中的最大换挡力和二次冲击力越大,车速下降幅度越小;(3)变速鼓凸轮槽升角越大,换挡过程中的最大换挡力和二次冲击力越大,设计凸轮槽升角时,需要综合考虑换挡性能及变速鼓直径两方面因素。最后,对全文进行总结,并对后续相关研究进行展望。
[Abstract]:Explosion-proof diesel locomotives are widely used in underground rail transportation of coal mine with the characteristics of large traction, strong overload capacity, high working efficiency, flexibility, etc. The shift operation of explosion-proof diesel locomotives is complicated, and the operation of the drivers is difficult, in addition, the anti-explosion diesel locomotives are difficult to operate. In order to make the shift operation of explosion-proof diesel locomotive more convenient and reduce the driver's working intensity, the downhole working environment is bad, the long time intense work easily causes the driver to appear the driving fatigue, thus causes the wrong operation, even causes the accident, in order to make the flameproof diesel locomotive shift operation easier, reduces the driver's working intensity, The manual circulation gearshift mechanism is improved by the ordinary manual gear shifting mechanism, and only two gears are set up, which simplifies the shift operation and reduces the operating intensity of the driver. This paper studies the shift performance of manual circulation gear shifting mechanism with the help of virtual prototyping technology, which has a positive effect on the popularization of explosion-proof diesel locomotives. It has reference value for the design of manual circulation shift mechanism and its application in explosion-proof diesel engine. Firstly, the structure composition and working principle of manual circulation shift mechanism are introduced, and the synchronous process of synchronizer is analyzed. Taking ordinary automobile as an example, the evaluation method of gear shifting performance is discussed. Secondly, the shift process and synchronizer synchronization theoretical model of manual circulation shift mechanism are analyzed, and the key parameters affecting the shift process are obtained, and the calculation methods of each parameter are studied. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of virtual prototype of manual circulation gear shifting mechanism. Then, taking CCG8 type explosion-proof diesel locomotive as an example, The virtual prototype model of manual circulating gear shifting mechanism is established by using 3D modeling software CATIA, interface software Sim Designer and multi-body dynamics simulation software ADAMS. The dynamic simulation analysis of the influence of different gear shifting speed and the groove rising angle of the variable speed drum cam on the shift force is carried out. The shift force curve obtained by simulation is used to analyze its shift performance. The following conclusions are drawn: 1) the ratio of the second impact force to the maximum gear shift force in the process of first and second gear up and down first gear is slightly larger, and the ratio of the second impact force to the maximum gear shift force is slightly larger than that of the second gear shift force. The maximum shift force and secondary impact force of other gear shifting process are all in the reasonable range, the driver shift operation is light and comfortable, the manual circulation shift mechanism has better shift performance and the driver's shift speed is faster, The greater the maximum shift force and the second impact force in the shifting process, the smaller the decreasing amplitude of the speed, the bigger the rising angle of the cam slot of the variable speed drum cam, the greater the maximum shift force and the secondary impact force in the shifting process, when designing the rising angle of the cam groove, Need to consider shift performance and variable drum diameter two factors. Finally, the full text is summarized, and the future related research is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD684

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