非极性油辅助十二胺混溶捕收剂提效机理研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 03:52

本文关键词： 十二胺煤油石英磁铁矿表面活性剂提效机理　出处：《太原理工大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为了满足钢铁工业对铁精矿质量日益严格的要求，解决我国铁矿贫矿多、富矿少的资源难题，磁铁矿反浮选“提铁降硅”技术得到了长足发展和广泛应用，但也面临着一些诸如阴离子反浮选工艺药剂制度复杂，需要加温浮选，阳离子反浮选工艺药剂成本高，泡沫发粘等问题。为了发挥传统阳离子捕收剂选择性强的优势，降低浮选成本，论文从药剂组合的理念出发，以十二胺为主，非极性油脂为辅，同时选择性添加少量表面活性剂，形成了互溶为一体的十二胺-非极性油二元混溶捕收剂和十二胺-非极性油-表面活性剂三元混溶捕收剂。以磁铁矿与其伴生的主要脉石矿物石英为分选对象，采用小型浮选试验考查了混溶捕收剂的浮选效果，采用粒度分析、颗粒微电泳、红外光谱、表面张力测定、微量热等仪器分析方法和量子化学计算方法，，研究了混溶捕收剂中非极性油以及表面活性剂的提效机理。主要研究工作及获得的有益认知如下：十二胺-煤油二元混溶体系捕收剂降低了十二胺的熔点和粘度，提高了药剂在矿浆中的分散性，改变了煤油的荷电性质；构建了十二胺-煤油混溶捕收剂与石英相互作用的模型，并根据EDLVO理论参照疏水作用的能量模型，计算了煤油油珠与矿粒之间的总作用势能，由于静电作用势能的贡献，强化了活性煤油与矿粒粘附过程；实现了低煤油用量下的团聚浮选工艺。系统研究了传统阳离子捕收剂之间的胺-胺组合、胺-非极性油以及胺-醇（酯）组合等多种组合方案，结果表明十二胺与煤油组合效果最佳。在此基础上研究了煤油类辅助捕收剂中各种烃类组分（十二烷、十二烯、环己烷、二甲苯以及甲基萘）对组合捕收剂提效的影响，结果表明：不同结构的烷烃作为十二胺的辅助捕收剂时，组合药剂的协同效应为：芳烃正构烯烃脂环烃正构烷烃。采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了十二胺在不同非极性烃/水界面的吸附性质，考察了油相性质对捕收剂吸附行为的影响，模拟结果表明十二胺分子能够在不同油/水界面形成稳定的吸附膜，根据捕收剂吸附膜的界面形成能、油水界面层厚度、捕收剂与水的径向分布函数、捕收剂烷烃链有序参数以及吸附膜的动力学性质等参数的计算结果得出：十二胺在甲基萘/水界面的活性最高；十二胺在五种不同油相中活性依次为：甲基萘二甲苯十二烯环己烷十二烷。模拟结果与浮选试验结果相吻合。为了进一步提高混溶捕收剂的分选性能，将失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯Span系列、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯Tween系列、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚OP系列、脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚AC系列、油酸三乙醇胺皂等表面活性剂及油酸引入二元混溶捕收剂体系，研究了表面活性剂对捕收剂吸附活性、吸附机制和矿物可浮性的影响。结果表明：表面活性剂的加入提高了十二胺的胶团形成能力，降低了溶液的表面张力；其中AC1201降低十二胺溶液表面张力的能力最强，浮选提效效果最明显。红外光谱分析表明AC1201吸附在了石英表面，量子化学计算表明AC1201阳离子的亲固基团所荷的正电荷大于十二胺及醚胺阳离子，更有利于通过静电吸引力与荷负电的矿物作用。计算了表面活性剂与十二胺的相互作用参数βm，测量了表面活性剂与十二胺组合捕收剂在石英表面吸附过程中的吸附热；石英的回收率与表面活性剂相互作用参数βm（绝对值）负相关，与吸附焓（绝对值）正相关，十二胺与表面活性剂间的相互作用越强，会导致其与石英的作用减弱；在组合用药方面，应选择与捕收剂作用相对较弱、而吸附焓相对较大的表面活性剂与之组合。以尖山铁矿磁选粗精矿作为研究对象，考察了十二胺-煤油二元混溶捕收剂对实际矿物的分选规律。十二胺在混溶捕收剂中最佳比例为40%，煤油的加入提高了细粒-0.038mm粒级石英的回收率，同时提高了了富含石英的0.045~0.074mm粒级的矿物上浮率。将表面活性剂与混溶捕收剂的组合药剂浮选尖山铁矿，AC1201略优于其它表面活性剂，其提高了-0.038mm、0.045~0.074mm以及+0.074mm粒级石英的回收率。以AC1201与十二胺-煤油组合药剂作为捕收剂，采用反浮选工艺，经一粗两扫中矿顺序返回，粗选分段加药，一段粗选捕收剂用量40g/t，MIBC40g/t，二段粗选捕收剂用量15g/t，一次扫选MIBC10g/t，二次扫选MIBC5g/t的药剂制度，最终得到TFe品位68.87%回收率96.53%的铁精矿。本研究对简化十二胺添加程序，降低选矿成本，提高磁铁矿反浮选效果，具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the iron and steel industry of the iron concentrate quality becomes more and more strict requirements, to solve China's iron ores, ore less resource problems, reverse flotation "magnetite iron drop silicon technology has been rapid development and wide application, but also facing some problems such as anion reverse flotation reagent system, heating flotation, cationic reverse flotation reagent cost high, foam sticky. In order to make the traditional cationic collectors selective advantage, reduce the cost of flotation reagent combination, from the perspective of the twelve non-polar oil amine based, supplemented, and added a small amount of surfactant, the formation of mutual solubility as one of the twelve amines non polar oil two yuan miscible collector and twelve amine collector immiscible polar oil surfactant to three yuan. The main gangue mineral is quartz magnetite associated to the selected object,. With a small flotation test to examine the miscible collector flotation agent, using particle size analysis, micro electrophoresis, infrared spectroscopy, surface tension test, micro thermal instruments such as quantum chemical analysis method and calculation method of miscible trapping non-polar oil and surfactant efficiency. The main mechanism of collecting agent the research work and beneficial cognition as follows:
Twelve amine kerosene two yuan a miscible system collector reduces the melting point and viscosity of twelve amine, improve the dispersing ability in the pulp, changed the kerosene electric charge; constructed twelve amine kerosene immiscible collecting agent and quartz interaction model, and according to the theory of EDLVO reference trap the role of energy model, the total effect of kerosene oil beads and particles between the potential energy calculation, because of the electrostatic potential contribution to strengthen the process of activity of kerosene and particle adhesion; the agglomeration flotation process of low dosage of kerosene.
The system of traditional cationic collectors between amine amine, amine non-polar oil and amine alcohol (ester) combination combination scheme, the results show that the twelve amines and kerosene. The best combination on the basis of collecting all kinds of auxiliary kerosene hydrocarbon agent (twelve alkyl. Twelve ene, cyclohexane, xylene and methyl naphthalene) trapping effect, improve the efficiency of collecting agent combination results showed that different structure of alkane as collector assisted twelve amine collector, synergistic effect of combined reagent for aromatic n-alkenes alicyclic hydrocarbon n-alkanes.
The molecular dynamics study of twelve amine adsorption properties in different non-polar hydrocarbon / water interface simulation method, the effects of oil phase properties influence the collector adsorption behavior, the simulation results show that twelve amine molecules in different oil / water interface to form a stable adsorption film, according to the collector adsorption film formation interface can, interfacial layer thickness, radial collector and water distribution function, calculation of kinetic properties of collector alkyl chain order parameters and the results of adsorption film: Twelve amine in methyl naphthalene / water interface were the highest; twelve amine in five different oil phase activity is as follows: methyl naphthalene xylene twelve ene twelve alkyl cyclohexane. The simulation results are consistent with the results of flotation test.
In order to further improve the separation performance of miscible collecting agent, the Span series of sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester Tween series, OP series of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether AC, triethanolamine oleate and oleic acid as surfactant into two yuan mix collector system, study surfactants on the adsorption of collector activity, adsorption mechanism and mineral floatability were studied. The results show that the addition of surfactant enhanced twelve amine micelle formation ability, reduces the surface tension of the solution; the AC1201 to reduce the surface tension of twelve amine solution had the strongest ability to improve the efficiency of flotation, the most obvious effect. The infrared spectrum analysis showed that the adsorption of AC1201 on quartz surface, quantum chemical calculation shows that the positive charge of AC1201 cation radical Pro solid bearing more than twelve amine and ether amine cation, more The role of electrostatic attraction to the mineral with negatively charged.
The interaction parameter of M surfactants with twelve amine surfactants were calculated, and twelve amine combination adsorption heat collector adsorption on trapping quartz surface in the process of measurement; the recovery rate of quartz and surfactant interaction parameter m (absolute value) negative correlation, and the adsorption enthalpy (absolute value) positive correlation, stronger interaction between surfactant and amine twelve, will lead to the weakening and quartz effect; in combination medication, should be selected with the collector effect is relatively weak, and the enthalpy of adsorption of surfactant and relatively large portfolio.
Taking Jianshan as the research object of magnetic iron ore concentrate, studied twelve amine kerosene two yuan miscible acollector separation law of actual mineral. Twelve amine in miscible collecting agent in optimum proportion is 40%, kerosene is added to improve the recovery of fine grained quartz -0.038mm rate, and improve the rich the quartz particles of 0.045~0.074mm mineral floatation rate. The surfactant and mixed collector combination of flotation reagents in Jianshan iron mine, AC1201 is slightly better than the other surfactants, the increased -0.038mm, 0.045~0.074mm and +0.074mm recovery rate. The grain size of quartz AC1201 and twelve amine kerosene combined reagent as collector, the reverse flotation process, after a rough two sweep order middling returns, roughing segment dosing, collector dosage of 40g/t, a roughing collector MIBC40g/t, collector dosage of 15g/t two roughing catch, a scavenging agent MIBC10g/t two scavenging MIBC5g/t The system finally gets the iron concentrate with a TFe 68.87% recovery rate of 96.53%.
This study has a certain guiding significance for simplifying the adding program of twelve amine, reducing the beneficiation cost and improving the effect of magnetite reverse flotation.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD923

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