台阶爆破异位孔偏移量与周边孔装药量匹配关系研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 03:02

本文关键词： 台阶爆破异位孔装药量数值模拟爆炸应力场　出处：《辽宁工程技术大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在露天矿穿爆作业过程中,由于穿孔作业面比较复杂导致穿孔作业不规律,进而导致后续爆破作业效果不理想。这种情况是露天矿穿爆作业过程中经常出现的状况,严重影响着露天矿生产效率和经济效益,因此很有必要对异位孔爆破进行深入研究。针对露天矿穿爆作业过程中经常出现异位孔现象,首次提出了异位孔的概念,分析了产生异位孔的原因,运用理论分析、数值模拟和数学拟合相结合的方法,对露天矿异位孔爆破进行了深入的研究。通过岩石破碎机理以及爆炸应力波理论分析了炸药爆炸后在岩体内的爆破应力场有效应力分布状态。借助于有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对三排,5个孔进行数值模拟,得到了各炮孔爆炸应力场相互作用的有效应力分布状态和岩石最不易破碎点的抗拉强度2.5MPa。在已建立的设计孔模型基础上,模拟中间孔发生异位0°、22.5°、45°偏移20cm、60cm、100cm、140cm、180cm时与周边孔爆炸后的有效应力分布状态。利用最小二乘法线性拟合的数学方法将数值模拟结果进行拟合,得到异位孔0°、22.5°、45°偏移20-180cm时与周边孔装药量的匹配关系公式。为露天矿穿爆生产成本控制以及工程爆破方面,具有重要的理论和指导意义。
[Abstract]:During the blasting operation of opencast mine, the perforation operation is irregular due to the complexity of the perforation operation surface, and the result of subsequent blasting operation is not ideal, which is a situation that often occurs in the process of opencast mine blasting operation. The production efficiency and economic benefit of opencast mine are seriously affected, so it is necessary to study the ectopic hole blasting deeply. The concept of ectopic hole is put forward for the first time in allusion to the phenomenon of ectopic hole often appearing in the process of opencast mine blasting. The causes of ectopic holes are analyzed, and the method of combining theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and mathematical fitting is used. The ectopic hole blasting in opencast mine is studied in depth. The effective stress distribution of blasting stress field after explosive explosion is analyzed by means of rock breaking mechanism and explosive stress wave theory. The finite element software is used to analyze the effective stress distribution. ANSYS/LS-DYNA numerically simulates three rows and five holes, The effective stress distribution and the tensile strength of the most difficult breakage point of rock are obtained. Based on the established design hole model, the effective stress distribution state of the interaction between the blast stress fields of each hole and the tensile strength of the rock at the most difficult breakage point are obtained. The effective stress distribution of an ectopic 0 掳(22.5 掳) 45 掳offset 20 cm ~ (10) / 100 cm ~ (10) cm ~ (-1) ~ 100 cm ~ (10) cm ~ (-1) and the effective stress distribution after the explosion of a peripheral hole is simulated. The numerical simulation results are fitted by the least square linear fitting mathematical method. The formula of matching between the offset of 0 掳and 22.5 掳45 掳and the charge quantity of peripheral hole is obtained, which is of great theoretical and guiding significance for the cost control of piercing and blasting in opencast mine and the engineering blasting.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD235

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