浅埋煤层综采工作面矿压显现规律研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 11:02

本文关键词： 浅埋煤层关键层理论覆岩移动规律超前支撑压力地表裂缝　出处：《中国矿业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文采用理论分析、数值模拟及现场实测等研究方法,就高头窑矿区浅埋煤层综采面开采引起覆岩变形破坏和规律进行深入研究,特别是针对同煤集团鄂尔多斯色连一号矿8101工作面开采过程中可能出现的顶板破断垮落造成压架事故、地表裂缝贯通工作面威胁矿井安全生产等灾害性问题进行了详细的研究分析,主要研究成果如下:(1)根据色连一号矿8101工作面地质情况,运用关键层位判别及弹性力学理论,分析计算了顶板结构与来压步距,同时在收集神东矿区及类似条件矿井导水裂隙带实测数据下采用工程类比的方法,回归了适合计算神东矿区浅埋煤层的覆岩导水裂隙带高度的拟合公式,为以后研究神东矿区覆岩裂隙发育规律提供了理论基础。(2)通过UDEC数值模拟软件模拟了8101工作面不同推进度和方向上覆岩破断运移形态,形象直观地再现了浅埋煤层下长壁综采面矿压显现规律及覆岩裂隙发育特征,确定了该工作面的初次来压步距、周期来压步距及覆岩导水裂隙发育高度,总结了该条件下“采动—覆岩裂隙演化”的时空关系。(3)通过对各个测点支架矿压监测数据处理分析得出8101工作面直接顶初次垮落步距及基本顶的初次来压步距与周期来压步距,验证了理论计算及数值模拟的正确性。分析工作面支架工作阻力数据得知,非来压期间支架平均工作阻力富裕较大,来压期间支架基本处于正常工作阻力范围内。工作面整体动载系数和各个支架实测动载系数波动小,矿压显现不太明显。现场观测发现,工作面来压期间支架安全阀打开较少,局部出现安全阀打开的现象。(4)采用压力表观测研究巷道超前支撑压力,确定了巷道超前支承压力峰值范围。在测量超前支撑压力的同时采用“十字交叉法”研究巷道变形,得出巷道两帮和顶底板变形主要发生范围,且局部靠近工作面侧区域出现巷道片帮现象,应做好该区域的防护工作。(5)通过对地表裂缝进行现场实测分析发现,在8101工作面不断推进的过程中,地表裂缝演化要经过裂缝产生、裂缝扩展、台阶下沉与裂缝闭合四个阶段。在地表产生的裂缝特征有:数量多、长度长、宽度及深度较大。通过地表裂缝与工作面的时空关系,计算出了地表移动的相关角量参数,并针对地表裂缝提出了加强裂隙演化观测、裂缝填埋压实等针对性管理措施。
[Abstract]:In this paper, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement are used to study the deformation and damage of overburden rock caused by fully mechanized mining of shallow coal seam in Gaotouyao mining area. In particular, in view of the roof breaking and caving that may occur in the mining process of No. 8101 working face in Ordos Serien No. 1 Mine of Tongshan Coal Group, the pressure frame accident is caused, Based on the geological conditions of No. 8101 face in Xilian No. 1 Mine, this paper makes a detailed study and analysis on the disaster problems such as threatening mine safety production in the face of surface cracks. The main research results are as follows: according to the geological conditions of No. 8101 face in Xilian No. 1 Mine, the key stratum discrimination and elastic mechanics theory are used. The roof structure and the pressure step distance are analyzed and calculated. At the same time, the engineering analogy method is used to collect the measured data of the diversion fissure zone in Shendong mining area and similar mines. The fitting formula for calculating the height of overburden water conduction fracture zone of shallow coal seam in Shendong mining area is regressed. It provides a theoretical basis for studying the fracture development of overburden rock in Shendong mining area in the future. It simulates the breaking and migration patterns of overburden rock in 8101 face with different propulsive degree and direction by UDEC numerical simulation software. The appearance law of mine pressure and the development characteristics of overburden cracks on the long wall fully mechanized face under shallow coal seam are reproduced visually, and the initial pressure step distance, periodic pressure step distance and the height of overburden water conductivity crack development are determined. The space-time relationship of "mining and overburden fracture evolution" under this condition is summarized. By analyzing the monitoring data of support pressure at each measuring point, the first collapse step distance of the direct roof and the initial and periodic pressure step distance of the basic roof of 8101 working face are obtained. The correctness of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation is verified. By analyzing the working resistance data of the working face support, it is known that the average working resistance of the support is relatively rich during the non-pressure period. During the pressure period, the support is basically within the normal working resistance range. The overall dynamic load coefficient of the working face and the measured dynamic load coefficient of each support have little fluctuation, and the rock pressure is not obvious. Field observation shows that the support safety valve is less open during the working face pressure period. The phenomenon of local safety valve opening.) the pressure gauge is used to observe and study the leading supporting pressure of roadway, and the range of peak value of advance supporting pressure of roadway is determined. At the same time, the deformation of roadway is studied by "cross cross method". It is concluded that the main range of deformation of the roadway's two sides and the roof and floor, and the phenomenon of roadway cover appearing in the area near the side of the face, the protection work in this area should be done well. (5) through the field measurement and analysis of the surface cracks, it is found that, In the process of continuously advancing at 8101 face, the evolution of surface cracks has four stages: crack generation, crack propagation, step sinking and crack closing. The characteristics of the cracks produced on the surface are as follows: large number, long length, Based on the space-time relationship between the surface cracks and the working face, the related angle parameters of the surface movement are calculated, and the corresponding management measures such as strengthening the observation of the fracture evolution and the crack landfill compaction are put forward for the surface cracks.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD323

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