基于LabVIEW的煤矿微震监测系统设计

发布时间：2018-03-02 19:23

本文选题：微震监测　切入点：LabVIEW　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：煤炭是我国的基础能源和重要原料,煤炭工业是关系国家经济命脉和能源安全的重要基础产业。进入二十世纪以来,我国煤炭工业取得了长足进步,但发展过程中不平衡、不协调、不可持续问题依然突出,煤矿安全生产形势严峻,安全事故频繁发生,造成了严重的经济损失、人员伤亡以及恶劣的社会影响。传统的煤矿监测手段在实际应用的过程中存在着种种不足,因此需要一种新的监测手段来满足日益增长的监测需求。微震监测技术是一种新兴的煤矿监测预警技术,它是通过监测煤岩在内部或者外部扰动下发生微破裂而产生的微震信号,来反映煤岩的稳定性并实现灾害的监测和预警,从而能够采取相应的整治工作。由于煤矿井下复杂的开采环境,研发适用于煤矿井下的微震监测系统具有十分重要的意义。本文针对上述问题,围绕煤矿微震监测需求,在研发适用于煤矿井下的微震监测系统方面做了一系列工作。(1)分析了我国煤矿行业的重要性以及微震监测技术在防治煤矿灾害方面的作用,调研了微震监测技术和微震震源定位算法在国内外的研究现状。(2)根据煤矿现场环境对微震监测系统的设计需求进行了分析,提出了微震监测系统的总体方案并根据需求完成了相应的硬件系统设计和器件选型,为后续软件部分的设计工作提供了硬件基础。(3)利用LabVIEW实现了微震监测系统的实时采集软件设计。分析了采集软件的总体结构和运行流程,并对实现过程中所使用的相关DLL函数和主要模块构成进行了详细介绍,最终实现了采样参数配置,微震信号的多通道同步采集、显示、存储与传输功能,为后续微震信号分析和定位奠定了基础。在实验室环境下,使用本文研发的微震监测系统分别进行了标准正弦信号采集试验以及人工模拟微震信号采集试验,验证了系统在实验室环境下的可靠性。同时,在同煤集团燕子山煤矿井下对本文设计的微震监测系统进行了现场试验,使用微震监测系统监测煤矿井下现场的微震信号,验证了微震监测系统在现场环境的可行性。(4)本文实现了对微震监测系统的微震源定位软件设计。首先分析了微震源定位的实现流程,然后对单纯形法的原理以及该算法的软件实现流程进行了研究和介绍,之后对所设计的微震监测系统定位软件的各个主要模块进行了详细介绍。最后通过实验室微震定位试验,对本文设计的微震监测系统定位软件进行了验证,使用微震监测系统对人工模拟微震信号进行采集并定位,定位误差在10%左右,取得了较为满意的定位结果。
[Abstract]:Coal is the basic energy and important raw material of our country, and the coal industry is an important basic industry related to the national economic lifeline and energy security. Since 20th century, China's coal industry has made great progress, but the development process is unbalanced. Uncoordinated, unsustainable problems are still prominent, the situation of coal mine safety production is grim, safety accidents occur frequently, resulting in serious economic losses. Casualties and adverse social impact. The traditional coal mine monitoring means in the process of practical application there are a variety of shortcomings, Therefore, a new monitoring method is needed to meet the increasing monitoring demand. Microseismic monitoring technology is a new kind of coal mine monitoring and early warning technology. It reflects the stability of coal and rocks and realizes the monitoring and early warning of disasters by monitoring the microseismic signals generated by the micro-rupture of coal and rock under internal or external disturbances. As a result of the complex mining environment, it is of great significance to develop a microseismic monitoring system suitable for underground coal mines. In view of the above problems, this paper focuses on the needs of monitoring micro-earthquakes in coal mines. A series of work has been done on the research and development of microseismic monitoring system suitable for underground coal mines. The importance of China's coal mine industry and the role of microseismic monitoring technology in preventing and controlling coal mine disasters are analyzed. The research status of microseismic monitoring technology and microseismic focal location algorithm at home and abroad is investigated. (2) the design requirements of microseismic monitoring system are analyzed according to the coal mine site environment. The overall scheme of the microseismic monitoring system is put forward, and the corresponding hardware system design and device selection are completed according to the demand. This paper provides the hardware foundation for the design of the following software. It realizes the real-time acquisition software design of the microseismic monitoring system by using LabVIEW. The overall structure and running flow of the acquisition software are analyzed. The related DLL functions and main modules used in the implementation are introduced in detail. Finally, the configuration of sampling parameters, multi-channel synchronous acquisition, display, storage and transmission of microseismic signals are realized. In the laboratory environment, the standard sinusoidal signal acquisition test and artificial simulated microseismic signal acquisition test are carried out using the microseismic monitoring system developed in this paper. The reliability of the system in the laboratory environment is verified. At the same time, the microseismic monitoring system designed in this paper is tested in the underground of Yanzishan Coal Mine of Tongmei Group Group, and the microseismic signal in the underground coal mine is monitored by the microseismic monitoring system. The feasibility of the microseismic monitoring system in the field environment is verified. (4) in this paper, the software design of micro-source location for microseismic monitoring system is realized. Firstly, the realization flow of micro-source location is analyzed. Then, the principle of simplex method and the software realization flow of the algorithm are studied and introduced. Then, the main modules of the microseismic monitoring system are introduced in detail. Finally, the microseismic localization test in laboratory is carried out. The positioning software of microseismic monitoring system designed in this paper is verified. The microseismic monitoring system is used to collect and locate artificial simulated microseismic signals. The positioning error is about 10%, and satisfactory positioning results have been obtained.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD325.4

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