钻孔声波法测量矿井地应力应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 04:05

本文选题：地应力　切入点：钻孔声波法　出处：《安徽理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：矿井地应力测量对煤矿巷道布置及安全生产存在重要意义,论文结合地应力测量技术的发展,分析了目前主要采用的几种地应力测量方法,指出在地层深部复杂的矿井地质条件下存在的一些局限性。通过以往学者对岩石声弹性理论的研究,在此基础上根据理论和现有的声波技术讨论采用钻孔声波法测量矿井地应力技术,并加以实现。基于有限变形连续介质力学的岩石声弹性理论,文章对简单加载条件下应力与波速关系进行分析,作为钻孔声波法测量地应力的理论基础。针对复杂的煤矿地质条件,对钻孔声波法测量地应力的工作方式、数据处理、资料解释进行研究,并设计矿井巷道钻孔声波法测定方案。通过在淮南某矿进行了现场测试,利用同层砂岩内钻孔方式测得岩体原位波速,并进行了波速椭圆拟合；结合岩石的力学参数和拟合的波速,计算分析了该矿井某工作面的地应力状态；并通过与已有的应力解除法测得的应力值作验证对比,分析了该矿的应力场。试验研究结果表明 (1)波速极值方向与岩石构造应力具有一致性,波速的改变量主要由该方向上应力值决定,垂直于该方向应力变化对波速的改变量较小。 (2)岩体内波速的大小受构造应力及巷道掘进影响较大,波速平面内各向异性是各方向应力共同作用的结果。 (3)通过钻孔声波法可以测得测站内三个主应力的大小和方向,并在矿井试验中取得了良好的效果。通过现场试验确立了钻孔声波法测量矿井地应力的可行性,为简单、快速、定量评价地应力状态提供了相对可靠的方法,为现场探测和结果解释提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Mine stress measurement is of great significance to mine roadway layout and safety production. Combined with the development of in-situ stress measurement technology, this paper analyzes several methods of in-situ stress measurement, which are mainly used at present. This paper points out some limitations existing in the complex geological conditions in the deep strata of coal mines, and through the previous researches on the acoustic elasticity theory of rock, On the basis of the theory and the existing acoustic wave technology, the borehole acoustic method is used to measure the ground stress of the mine, and it is realized. Based on the theory of rock acoustoelasticity in finite deformation continuum mechanics, the relationship between stress and wave velocity under simple loading condition is analyzed in this paper, which is the theoretical basis of borehole acoustic wave method for geostress measurement. In this paper, the working mode, data processing and data interpretation of borehole acoustic wave method for measuring ground stress are studied, and the scheme of measuring mine roadway borehole acoustic wave method is designed. The in-situ wave velocities of rock mass were measured by in-situ drilling method in Huainan mine, and the wave velocity elliptical fitting was carried out, which combined with the mechanical parameters of rock and the fitted wave velocity. The in-situ stress state of a working face in this mine is calculated and analyzed, and the stress field of the mine is analyzed by comparing it with the stress values measured by the existing stress relief method. 1) the direction of the wave velocity extremum is consistent with the rock tectonic stress. The variation of the wave velocity is mainly determined by the stress value in this direction, but the variation of the wave velocity perpendicular to this direction is relatively small. (2) the magnitude of wave velocity in rock is greatly affected by tectonic stress and roadway tunneling. The anisotropy in wave velocity plane is the result of the interaction of stress in different directions. 3) the magnitude and direction of the three principal stresses in the station can be measured by drilling acoustic wave method, and good results have been obtained in the mine test. The feasibility of borehole acoustic wave method for measuring mine ground stress is established by field test, which provides a relatively reliable method for simple, fast and quantitative evaluation of in-situ stress state, and provides a reference for field detection and interpretation of results.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD311

【参考文献】