准噶尔盆地南缘齐古背斜构造分析及三维建模

发布时间：2018-03-04 05:28

本文选题：齐古背斜　切入点：准噶尔盆地南缘　出处：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：齐古背斜隶属于准噶尔盆地南缘山前褶皱冲断带,是受燕山期和喜山期造山活动作用的结果。齐古背斜构造变形强烈,深浅构造相互叠加,构造演化序列难以确定,与相邻背斜间的构造转换关系不甚清楚。准噶尔盆地南缘油气显示丰富,长久以来一直受到石油地质工作者的重视。近几年来,随着对准南褶皱冲断带石油勘探的深入,特别是在玛河油田获得重要的油气勘探突破,南缘山前褶皱冲断带的构造研究被摆在了油气勘探的首要位置。本文在总结前人的研究基础上,运用现代构造地质学的理论,通过断层相关褶皱几何学分析方法,配合平衡地质剖面技术,以地表露头和实测资料为约束条件,对过齐古背斜的地震剖面进行了构造几何建模,确定了齐古背斜的合理变形样式；在此基础上完成了地震剖面的构造精细解释,厘清了主要构造变形时期断裂体系的分布与构造继承关系,最终构建出齐古背斜的三维构造地质数字模型。研究表明齐古背斜在燕山期开始出现向盆地的逆冲推覆与造山过程,导致山前侏罗系-白垩系、白垩系内部广泛发育构造不整合界面；齐古背斜的形成受到深浅多个断裂体系的共同作用,可划分出三个主要的断裂体系：深部的隐伏断层转折褶皱,中浅层的双重构造(齐古北断块),以及齐古北高角度的逆冲断层传播褶皱；齐古背斜东段至昌吉背斜西侧,低角度逆冲推覆逐渐消失(至吐谷鲁的逆冲断层),背斜变形主要由高角度逆冲断层所致；齐古背斜核部由两套具有构造派生和继承关系的次级断裂体系构成,均发育于侏罗系内部,未对背斜上部地层造成破坏,组成一较为完整的背斜圈闭,具良好的油气勘探潜力。
[Abstract]:The Qigu anticline belongs to the Foreland fold thrust belt in the southern margin of Junggar Basin and is the result of orogenic activity in Yanshanian and Himalayan periods. The tectonic deformation of Qigu anticline is strong, the deep and shallow structures superimpose each other, and the tectonic evolution sequence is difficult to determine. The relationship between tectonic transformation and adjacent anticlines is not very clear. The southern margin of Junggar basin is rich in oil and gas, and has been attached great importance by petroleum geologists for a long time. In recent years, with the development of petroleum exploration in the south fold thrust belt, Especially in Mahe Oilfield, important oil and gas exploration breakthrough has been made, and the structural study of the Foreland fold thrust belt in the southern margin has been placed in the primary position of oil and gas exploration. On the basis of summarizing the previous studies, this paper applies the theory of modern tectonic geology, through the method of fault related fold geometry analysis, and with the balanced geological section technique, taking the outcrop and the measured data as the constraint conditions. In this paper, the structural geometry model of seismic section passing through Qi ancient anticline is carried out, and the reasonable deformation style of Qi ancient anticline is determined, and on this basis, the structure fine interpretation of seismic section is completed. The relationship between the distribution of fault system and tectonic inheritance during the main tectonic deformation period is clarified, and finally a three-dimensional tectonic geological digital model of Qi-paleo-anticline is constructed. The study shows that the Qi-paleo-anticline began to appear in the Yanshanian period, and the thrust nappe and orogenic process appeared in the basin, leading to the Foreland Jurassic-Cretaceous system, and the tectonic unconformity interface was widely developed in the Cretaceous. The formation of Qigu anticline is affected by many fault systems, which can be divided into three main fault systems: the deep concealed fault turning fold, Double tectonics in the middle and shallow layers (Qigubei fault block and thrust fault propagation fold at high angle in Qigubei, the eastern segment of Qigu anticline to the west of Changji anticline, The low-angle thrust nappe gradually disappeared (the thrust fault to Tukulu, the anticline deformation was mainly caused by the high-angle thrust fault, and the core part of the Qipaleo-anticline was composed of two sets of secondary fault systems with tectonic derivation and inheritance relationship. They all developed in the Jurassic system, did not damage the upper strata of the anticline, and formed a relatively complete anticline trap, which has good oil and gas exploration potential.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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