深部回采巷道围岩变形与锚固体耦合作用研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 07:50

本文选题：回采巷道　切入点：锚固体　出处：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对于煤炭资源来说,在浅部适宜开采的储量正在逐渐减少,因此向深部发展已经成为大多数煤炭企业保证持续生产的必然选择。在深部开采条件下回采巷道的稳定性较浅部发生了较大变化,巷道易于破碎、难以维护且变形量大的特点显现的更为突出。同时,在深部开采条件下,巷道围岩所受的构造应力和自重应力都显著提高,增加了支护体支护的难度。不仅如此,深部巷道围岩还面临着"三高一扰动"即高地压、高地应力、高地温和强烈的开采扰动所带来的复杂地质环境。传统的巷道支护方式已经不能适应深部回采巷道,而新兴的"锚网索"联合支护方法又缺乏在深部开采环境下相关的理论研究。本文首先利用弹塑性力学的相关知识对深部回采巷道围岩的破坏机理进行了理论研究,得到巷道变形破坏主要受破碎区围岩厚度的影响,锚杆支护时通过增强锚固体弹性模量和减弱泊松比来提高锚固体的刚度,实现锚固体和围岩变形在刚度上的耦合;锚索支护时充分发挥它的悬吊作用,利用锚索自身较强的抗拉强度增加锚固体的整体稳定性,使得锚固体与围岩变形在结构方面达到耦合从而控制围岩变形;利用有限差分软件FLAC3D模拟了锚杆、锚索在不同长度和间排距下的支护效果,得到相关的塑性区图、应力云图和垂直应力云图,分析模拟结果得到锚杆、锚索耦合支护时的长度、间排距和锚索布置方案,最终实现深部回采巷道围岩变形与锚固体在刚度和结构上的耦合,从而控制围岩变形。
[Abstract]:For coal resources, the reserves that are suitable for exploitation in shallow areas are gradually diminishing. Therefore, the development of deep mining has become an inevitable choice for most coal enterprises to ensure continuous production. The stability of the roadway in deep mining has changed greatly in the shallow part, and the roadway is easy to be broken. At the same time, under the condition of deep mining, the structural stress and gravity stress of surrounding rock of roadway are significantly increased, which makes it more difficult to support the supporting body. The surrounding rock of deep roadway also faces the complex geological environment brought by "three high and one disturbance", that is, high ground pressure, high ground stress, gentle and strong mining disturbance in highland, and the traditional roadway support method can not adapt to the deep mining roadway. However, the new combined support method of "anchor, mesh and cable" lacks relevant theoretical research in deep mining environment. Firstly, the failure mechanism of surrounding rock of deep mining roadway is studied theoretically by using the relevant knowledge of elastic-plastic mechanics. It is found that the deformation and failure of roadway are mainly affected by the thickness of surrounding rock in the broken area. The stiffness of anchor body is improved by strengthening elastic modulus of anchor body and weakening Poisson's ratio, and the coupling of anchor body and surrounding rock deformation in stiffness is realized. When the anchor cable is supported, its suspending function is brought into full play, and the stability of the anchor body is increased by using the strong tensile strength of the anchor cable itself, so that the deformation of the anchor body and the surrounding rock can be coupled in structure to control the deformation of the surrounding rock. By using finite difference software FLAC3D, the support effect of anchor rod under different lengths and spacing is simulated, and the relative plastic zone diagram, stress cloud diagram and vertical stress cloud diagram are obtained. The results of simulation are analyzed and the length of anchor and cable coupling support is obtained. Finally, the coupling of surrounding rock deformation of deep mining roadway with the stiffness and structure of anchor body is realized, and the deformation of surrounding rock is controlled.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD353

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