华北型煤田奥灰顶部阻水能力评价

发布时间：2018-03-09 11:31

本文选题：奥陶系灰岩　切入点：阻水能力评价　出处：《西安科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：煤炭资源的需求与日俱增,华北型煤田的浅部和上组煤已经被开采的日渐匮乏,其深部和下组煤的开采在许多煤矿已经成为发展的必然选择。开采下组煤的难题,除了顶部采空区的透水灾害外,煤层底板突水才是最严重的症结所在。为了解决这个难题,一般采用的方法是进行工作面或者区域注浆,加固底板的阻水能力;或人工疏导降压,对于奥灰顶部风化壳的天然阻水能力并没有给予重视并利用。事实上,古地壳运动后奥灰顶界面经历了长时间的风化剥蚀和侵蚀,形成了一些溶蚀孔洞和裂隙,但经过众多因素的影响,这些岩溶空间被黏土等弱透水性物质充填,并经过上覆岩层的压实作用,形成了具有天然阻水能力的岩层。因此,对其进行的研究意义重大。本文以陕西韩城桑树坪煤矿为工程背景,针对奥灰顶部岩层展开阻水能力分析与试验研究,主要内容如下:1、分析了矿区的基础地质、水文地质资料和区域地下水、井田下组煤底板主要含水层(奥陶系灰岩含水层)的含、阻水条件,认为区域内奥陶系顶部灰岩可以作为相对阻水层,并定义了本文的研究段厚度。2、结合地质背景资料和构造发育理论,对奥陶系顶部进行综合研究,得出了奥灰顶部阻水能力的指标体系,包括岩性组合及结构、地质构造、钻孔岩芯采取率、冲洗液消耗量、充填压实程度和阻水厚度指标。3、运用ArcGIS软件与AHP法结合,通过确定阻水性指标,绘制各指标专题图,计算各指标权重并进行专题图叠加,建立反映各种指标因素对其产生的叠加影响的评价模型,这个模型所得出的计算值能更直观反映出奥灰顶部的阻水能力。4、运用分级地图上常用的自然分级法,结合矿井生产实践,对其进行分级得出相应的阈值,并得到了研究区阻水能力分区,其评价结果与其构造分布呈一定相关性。通过地质构造跟钻孔数据对所得的阻水能力分区进行工程验证,效果比较理想。
[Abstract]:The demand for coal resources is increasing day by day, and the shallow and upper coalfields in North China type coal field have been increasingly scarce. The deep and lower coal mining has become an inevitable choice for development in many coal mines. In addition to the percolation disaster in the top goaf, the most serious problem lies in the water inrush from the coal seam floor. In order to solve this problem, the common method is to carry out grouting in the face or area to strengthen the water resistance capacity of the floor. Or artificial depressurization, the natural water resistance of the weathering crust at the top of Ordovician ash is not paid attention to and utilized. In fact, the interface of the top of the Ordovician ash experienced weathering, denudation and erosion for a long time after the paleocrustal movement. Some dissolution holes and fissures have been formed, but through the influence of many factors, these karst spaces are filled with weak permeable materials such as clay, and through the compaction of the overlying strata, the rock layers with natural water resistance are formed. This paper takes Sangshuping Coal Mine in Hancheng, Shaanxi Province as the engineering background, and carries out the analysis and experimental study on the water-blocking capacity of the top layer of Ordovician ash. The main contents are as follows: 1. The basic geology of the mining area is analyzed. Hydrogeological data and regional groundwater, main aquifer of coal floor (Ordovician limestone aquifer) in the coal mine field, and water blocking condition, it is considered that the limestone at the top of the Ordovician in the region can be regarded as the relative water barrier layer. The thickness of the study section. 2 is defined in this paper. Combined with the geological background data and the theory of structural development, a comprehensive study of the top of the Ordovician is carried out, and the index system of the water resistance capacity of the top of the Ordovician is obtained, including the lithologic assemblage and structure, geological structure, etc. Taking rate of borehole core, consumption of flushing fluid, filling compaction degree and water resistance thickness index .3.Using ArcGIS software and AHP method, by determining water resistance index, drawing thematic map of each index, calculating weight of each index and superimposing thematic map. An evaluation model reflecting the superposition effect of various index factors on it is established. The calculated values obtained by this model can more directly reflect the water blocking capacity of the top of Ordovician ash. The natural classification method commonly used on the classified map is used. Combined with the practice of mine production, the corresponding threshold value is obtained by classifying it, and the area of water blocking capacity of the study area is obtained. The result of evaluation is related to the distribution of the structure, and the effect is satisfactory through the engineering verification of the water blocking capacity by geological structure and borehole data.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD745;P641.461

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