冀东某高硫铁矿浮选降硫试验研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 21:28

本文选题：磁黄铁矿　切入点：脱硫　出处：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：冀东是我国北方生产铁精粉的主要产区,铁矿石含硫量较高并以磁黄铁矿的形式存在,造成了整个地区铁精矿中含硫量较高。由于磁黄铁矿性质的复杂性,采用常规磁选很难将磁黄铁矿和磁铁矿分离,其两者之间的有效分离已成为国内外选矿领域技术研究和生产实践中的主要难题之一。本文基于浮选降硫脱除铁精矿中的磁黄铁矿处理工艺,针对冀东地区含硫铁精矿中磁黄铁矿的浮选捕收、活化机理进行较为深入、细致的探讨,为冀东含硫铁精矿脱硫工艺提供了理论依据和技术支持。对于铁精矿的物理化学性质主要进行原矿多元素分析、粒级分布、原矿磨矿细度及多元素测定、铁物相试验和光谱试验,纯矿物浮选行为研究。在此基础上进行含硫铁精矿浮选试验研究,通过药剂种类及用量试验研究,确定酸碱环境、活化剂、捕收剂等条件,对流程进行粗精选优化研究,确保试验结果的准确性、合理性,从而确定合理的浮选工艺。通过浮选脱硫法进行一粗一精及一粗多精脱硫试验,确定在一粗四精的浮选条件下采用硫酸总用量560g/t、硫酸铜150g/t、丁黄药:丁铵黑药(1:1) 700 g/t和2#油150g/t条件下,针对TFe品位60.60%、含硫4.04%的原矿,采用一粗四精四扫脱硫浮选流程,最终可获得铁精矿TFe62.31%、S0.64%,TFe回收率79.27%的优异指标,对现场生产具有实际的指导意义。通过对磁黄铁矿内部及表面特性机理研究可知磁黄铁矿在(1,1,0)面的表面能最小、稳定性更高,通过分子动力学计算结果可知,氧气与磁黄铁矿相互作用能为-42.91kJ/mol,远大于水分子相互作用能,说明在有氧浮选过程当中更有利于磁黄铁矿的氧化过程。通过表面Zeta电位研究可知,加入丁黄药、戊黄药后磁黄铁矿表面Zeta电位均有向左漂移的趋势,说明捕收剂与磁黄铁矿发生了吸附。通过药剂与矿物表面作用后的红外光谱分析可知,磁黄铁矿与丁黄药在中性条件相互作用后,C—O—C伸缩振动吸收峰增加到1202.52cm-1,C =S伸缩振动吸收峰降低至1022.98cm-1,说明矿物表面产生化学吸附并有丁双黄药生成。通过对浮选工艺研究及磁黄铁矿内部及表面特性机理研究,揭示了磁黄铁矿表面的吸附特性,阐明了药剂稳定性、增加天然可浮性的的作用机理,在此基础上找出了适合高硫磁黄铁矿的适宜药剂,为我国冀东地区含硫铁精矿的开发应用找到了一条可行的新途径。
[Abstract]:Jidong is the main producing area of iron concentrate powder in the north of China. Iron ore has high sulphur content and exists in the form of pyrrhotite, which results in higher sulphur content in iron concentrate in the whole area, due to the complexity of pyrrhotite properties. It is difficult to separate pyrrhotite from magnetite by conventional magnetic separation. The effective separation between the two has become one of the main problems in the technical research and production practice in the field of mineral processing at home and abroad. This paper is based on the process of removing pyrrhotite from iron concentrate by flotation. Aiming at the flotation and collecting mechanism of pyrrhotite in pyrite concentrate in eastern Hebei province, the mechanism of activation is discussed in detail. It provides theoretical basis and technical support for desulphurization process of iron concentrate containing sulfur in eastern Hebei Province. The physical and chemical properties of iron concentrate are mainly determined by multielement analysis, particle size distribution, grinding fineness and multielement determination. On the basis of the study on the flotation behavior of pure minerals, the flotation test of iron concentrate containing sulphur was carried out. The conditions of acid-base environment, activator, collector and so on were determined through the experimental study of the type and dosage of reagent, etc. In order to ensure the accuracy and reasonableness of the test results, a reasonable flotation process is determined by optimizing the process of coarse cleaning. The desulfurization experiments of one coarse and one fine and one coarse and multiple fine are carried out by the flotation desulfurization method. It is determined that under the conditions of a coarse and four fine flotation conditions, the total dosage of sulfuric acid is 560 g / t, copper sulfate 150 g / t, butadiene: butylammonium black 1) 700g / t and 2# oil 150g / t. For the raw ore with a TFe grade of 60.60g / t and a sulfur content of 4.04%, the flotation process of one coarse tetrafine and four sweep desulfurization is adopted. Finally, the excellent index of 79.27% TFE recovery rate of iron concentrate TFE 62.31 and TFE 0.64 can be obtained, which has practical guiding significance for field production. Through the study of the mechanism of internal and surface characteristics of pyrrhotite, it can be seen that pyrrhotite has the smallest surface energy and higher stability on the surface. The results of molecular dynamics calculation show that the interaction energy of oxygen and pyrrhotite is -42.91kJ / mol, which is much larger than that of water molecule interaction, which indicates that the oxidation process of pyrrhotite is more favorable in the process of aerobic flotation. The surface Zeta potential study shows that the oxidation process of pyrrhotite is more favorable to the oxidation of pyrrhotite. After adding butyl xanthate, the surface Zeta potential of pyrrhotite tends to drift to the left, which indicates that the collector adsorbs with pyrrhotite. After the interaction between pyrrhotite and butyl xanthate under neutral conditions, the vibrational absorption peak of C-O-C was increased to 1202.52 cm ~ (-1) C ~ (-1) C ~ (-1) C ~ (-1) S stretching vibration absorption peak decreased to 1022.98 cm ~ (-1), indicating that chemical adsorption was produced on the mineral surface and the formation of butadiene xanthate was obtained. Study on the mechanism of internal and surface characteristics of pyrrhotite, The adsorption characteristics of pyrrhotite surface are revealed, the action mechanism of the stability of the reagent and the increase of the natural floatability are expounded. On the basis of this, the suitable reagent suitable for high sulfur pyrrhotite is found out. A new feasible way is found for the development and application of iron sulfide concentrate in eastern Hebei.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD951;TD923

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