煤矿物联网无线信道优选理论算法的研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 16:18

  本文选题：煤矿安全　切入点：物联网　出处：《中国矿业大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着以无线通信技术为主要支撑的物联网在煤矿井下的广泛应用,通过无线传输的各种煤矿安全监测和控制数据呈现出几何级增长的趋势。被用于数据传输的无线通信信道上的电磁干扰则是宽带无线吞吐量(信道容量)的最大制约因素。特别是在煤矿井下特殊的封闭环境,具有多径效应的信道干扰将对无线通信系统产生更加严重的影响。强烈的同邻信道干扰将严重降低无线通信质量并大幅增加安全监控数据的丢失和传输延迟,直接危害煤矿安全生产。因此,研究煤矿井下应用背景下最小化全网无线通信干扰的信道分配策略以及时变信道状态下为躲避严重电磁干扰的智能无线信道切换算法具有十分重要和深远的意义。本文首先研究通信质量平稳不随时间变化(非时变)无线信道状态下煤矿物联网分布式自组织无线信道的分配问题。在深入分析现有分布式信道分配算法的基础上结合煤矿物联网无线感知节点分布特点和网络架构等特征,创新地提出了满足无同信道干扰条件下的基于网络拓扑最大链路边数的分布式正交无线信道分配算法CALENT。同时确定了和物理层密切相关的煤矿物联网无线感知节点的最小发射功率以及具体的算法实现步骤。通过与现有的无同信道干扰分布式无线信道分配算法Dis-Link的深入分析和对比研究表明,CALENT算法具有更好的同信道干扰指数性能和更快的算法收敛速度。在深入研究分析现有物理干扰模型和各协议干扰模型的基础上,创新地提出了具有数据回传和控制功能的双向通信模式下无线信道协议干扰模型:收发者协议干扰模型SRPIM,同时提出了适合该通信模式的分布式正交无线信道分配算法CALENT-BE。因具有异步的无线信道分配机制,CALENT-BE算法克服了原CALENT(参考算法CALENT-RB)在拥有双向数据传输链路的对等通信模式下算法收敛速度缓慢的问题。为提高无线信道的空间复用率,在消除部分(频谱)重叠信道的同信道和邻间信道干扰的基础上,创新地提出了当前已被广泛应用的Wi-Fi无线通信非正交信道集下的分布式无线信道分配算法CALENT-POC。通过有效的无线信道分配约束机制,避免信道分配过程中实现全网零干扰所需最小信道总数过度扩散的同时,又保证了信道分配结果的多样性,为寻求无线信道资源分配的全局最优解提供了充分必要条件。本文其次研究的是在煤矿井下采煤工作面,掘进和机车巷道等特殊生产环境中通信质量随时间变化(时变)信道状态下煤矿物联网无线感知智能通信终端动态选择电磁干扰最小,通信质量最好(通信中断和重传次数最少)的智能无线信道切换问题。在深入研究传统的单一固定信道通信和Q学习信道切换策略的基础上,创新地提出了基于EWA学习的无线信道切换算法。通过引入信道反馈机制,构建了多级报酬反馈体系。在深入分析报酬结构的基础上,细化和优化了各报酬成分要素,使不同层次的报酬反馈更加细致和合理。系统能够通过在线学习煤矿井下时变的无线环境和通信信道特性,积累历史信道切换的经验,推测、选择并更改和切换到当前通信质量最好的无线信道,实时动态地保证了通信链路的质量,降低了系统通信中断的概率。在最大限度地保证信道最优选择和切换精度的前提下,创新地提出了无线信道切换简化和快速算法EWAS,用以解决原EWA算法存在的计算复杂,能耗高等问题。EWAS无线信道快速切换算法成功地避免了指数运算的存在,降低了计算复杂度。同时,EWAS无线信道快速切换算法直接对目标函数进行优化和更新,简化了算法步骤。最后本文作研究工作总结,分析了当前研究的缺点和不足并对未来研究的内容和方向进行了进一步的研究展望和规划。
[Abstract]:Along with the wireless communication technology as the main support of the Internet is widely used in underground coal mine, coal mine safety monitoring and control through a variety of wireless data transmission showed a geometric growth trend. Be used for electromagnetic interference in wireless communication channel for data transmission on wireless broadband is the maximum throughput (channel capacity) special constraints. That is closed in the special environment of coal mine, the channel interference has multipath effect will have a more serious impact on the wireless communication system. With strong adjacent channel interference will seriously reduce the quality of wireless communications and increase safety monitoring data loss and transmission delay, directly endanger the safety production of coal mine. Therefore, channel allocation strategy of coal mine the application background of the whole network to minimize interference in wireless communication and time-varying channel conditions for intelligent wireless channel to avoid serious electromagnetic interference Is a very important and far-reaching significance. This paper firstly studies the channel switching algorithm stable communication quality does not change with time (time invariant) wireless channel state coal network distributed self distribution organization of wireless channel. Based on the in-depth analysis of the existing distributed channel allocation algorithm based on coal mineral network of wireless sensor nodes and network distribution the characteristics of architecture, creatively put forward to meet the conditions of co channel interference under the maximum number of edges of the network topology link distributed orthogonal wireless channel allocation algorithm based on CALENT. and to determine the minimum transmit power and physical layer is closely related to the coal mine internet wireless sensor nodes and the specific algorithm implementation steps. Through in-depth analysis and comparison research and no existing cochannel interference in distributed wireless channel allocation algorithm of Dis-Link show that CALENT algorithm has better with Channel interference index performance and faster convergence speed. Based on the research of the existing physical interference model and the protocol interference model, proposes the two-way communication mode with data transmission and control function of the wireless channel under the protocol interference model: transceiver protocol interference model SRPIM, and puts forward the mode of communication distributed wireless channel allocation algorithm for orthogonal CALENT-BE. wireless channel allocation mechanism is asynchronous, CALENT-BE algorithm overcomes the original CALENT (reference CALENT-RB algorithm) in a peer-to-peer communication mode with bidirectional data transmission link algorithm under the problem of slow convergence. In order to improve the spatial reuse of wireless channel in the elimination rate, part (spectrum) based channel overlap interference the co channel and adjacent channel between, creatively put forward the current Wi-Fi wireless communication has been widely used in non orthogonal channel In the distributed wireless channel allocation algorithm CALENT-POC. through the wireless channel allocation of effective restraint mechanism, avoid the required minimum number of channel over diffusion to achieve full network zero interference channel allocation process at the same time, but also ensure the diversity results of distribution channel, provides the necessary and sufficient conditions for the global optimal solution for wireless channel resource allocation secondly. This study is in the coal working face, the communication quality of the special production environment in roadway tunneling and locomotive changes with time (time-varying) coal channel state network wireless sensor intelligent communication terminal dynamically selects the minimum electromagnetic interference, the best quality of communication (communication interrupt and retransmission times at least) intelligent wireless channel the handover problem based learning. Channel switching strategy in a single fixed channel communication and in-depth study of traditional Q, puts forward the innovation based on EWA Wireless channel switching algorithm learning. By introducing the channel feedback mechanism, construct a multi-level feedback compensation system. Based on analyzing the compensation structure, refinement and optimization of the compensation components, so that different levels of compensation feedback more detailed and reasonable. The system can learn online through the wireless environment of coal mine and time-varying communication channel the characteristics of the accumulation of historical experience, channel switching, speculation, select and change and switch to the wireless channel the best communication quality, guarantee the quality of real-time communication link, reduces the probability of breaking the system communication. To maximize the premise of optimal channel selection and handoff accuracy, proposes a wireless a simplified and fast channel switching algorithm EWAS, to solve the calculation of the original EWA algorithm is complex, the problem of higher energy consumption of fast handover algorithm in.EWAS wireless channel successfully 閬垮厤浜嗘寚鏁拌繍绠楃殑瀛樺湪,闄嶄綆浜嗚�＄畻澶嶆潅搴�.鍚屾椂,EWAS鏃犵嚎淇￠亾蹇�椋�

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