丹东凤银金矿浮选试验研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 11:25

本文选题：金矿石　切入点：浮选　出处：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着矿石资源的开发,我国高品位矿物资源枯竭,低品位矿物资源的开发受到越来越多的重视。但是低品位矿物在浮选中会造成一些问题:捕收剂用量增加,精矿品位不高,回收率较低。本文的主要目的是:降低捕收剂用量、提高精矿回收率和品位。以金矿石为研究对象,通过工艺矿物学分析金矿物的赋存状态,在此基础上进行了单因素试验,确定浮选的最佳试验条件,为后续的开路试验和闭路试验提供数据支撑。使用红外光谱分析,进行捕收剂和矿石作用机理的研究,为该矿石的分选提供理论依据。工艺矿物学研究表明,该矿石中金的品位为2.14 g/t,硫品位为1.28%,主要载金矿物为黄铁矿,是低硫型含金矿石。矿石中金矿物主要是自然金,物相分析表明70%的金赋存于硫化物中,近30%的金在脉石中。亲金矿物黄铁矿粒度较为细小,因此,该矿石适合用浮选方法进行回收。在实际矿石浮选试验部分,首先采用单因素方法,探索矿浆PH值、碳酸钠用量、硫酸铜用量、不同捕收剂用量等因素对浮选效果的影响。单因素试验的结果:碳酸钠用量为100 g/t;硫酸铜用量为200 g/t;确定复合捕收剂为PAX和丁铵黑药,然后探索复合药剂配比和复合药剂用量。PAX:丁铵黑药=3:1,复合捕收剂的用量为100 g/t。根据单因素试验结果,进行开路试验。开路试验采用一次粗选三次精选三次扫选的原则流程,精矿的品位为19.30 g/t,回收率为52.61%;尾矿品位为0.45 g/t,回收率为6.47%。闭路试验采用一次粗选三次精选二次扫选的原则流程,浮选精矿的品位为18.40 g/t,回收率为79.72%;尾矿的品位为0.50 g/t,回收率为20.28%。单一捕收剂最佳用量为150 g/t,复合捕收剂最佳用量为100 g/t。使用复合捕收剂浮选效果较好,并且用量减少了50 g/t。通过红外分析可知,PAX是含有支链的有机物,可能含有芳环、硝基。SIBX是直链的不饱和有机物,可能含有胺类,也可能含有不饱和键。丁铵黑药是不饱和的含有支链的有机物,可能含有C=C、C≡N、C=O、-P-O-C、-P-S-键。原矿石中可能含有-OH、NH4+、CO32-、Al2O3、Si-O、Ti O3等。根据原矿、原矿与捕收剂作用水洗前后的红外光谱图,分析可知丁铵黑药即发生了物理吸附,也发生了化学吸附,PAX发生了化学吸附,所以PAX得选择性比丁铵黑药的选择性好,得到浮选精矿的品位较高。复合捕收剂和矿石不仅发生了物理吸附、化学吸附,也发生了共吸附作用。因此,复合捕收剂在矿石表面的吸附作用大于单一捕收剂的吸附作用,不仅能够使浮选保持较好的指标,还能大大降低选矿药剂的用量,降低选矿成本。
[Abstract]:With the development of ore resources, high grade mineral resources are exhausted in China, and more and more attention is paid to the development of low grade mineral resources. However, the low grade minerals will cause some problems in flotation, such as the increase of collector dosage and the low grade of concentrate. The main purpose of this paper is to reduce the amount of collector and improve the recovery rate and grade of concentrate. Taking gold ore as the research object, the occurrence state of gold ore is analyzed by process mineralogy, and the single factor test is carried out on this basis. To determine the best test conditions for flotation and to provide data support for subsequent open-circuit and closed-circuit tests. Infrared spectroscopy was used to study the mechanism of collector and ore action. The technological mineralogical study shows that the grade of gold in the ore is 2.14 g / t, and the grade of sulfur is 1.28. The main gold bearing material is pyrite, which is a low sulfur bearing gold ore. Phase analysis shows that 70% of gold occurs in sulfides, and nearly 30% of gold is in gangue. The particle size of pyrite is very small, so the ore is suitable for recovery by flotation. First of all, using the single factor method, to explore the PH value of pulp, the amount of sodium carbonate, the amount of copper sulfate, The results of single factor experiment showed that the dosage of sodium carbonate was 100g / t; the dosage of copper sulfate was 200g / t; the compound collector was determined as PAX and ammonium butylammonium black, Then we explored the ratio of compound chemicals and the dosage of compound reagent. PAX: ammonium butyrate was 3: 1, and the amount of compound collector was 100 g / t. According to the results of single factor test, open circuit test was carried out. The open circuit test adopted the principle flow of one rough selection three times cleaning three times cleaning three times. The grade of concentrate is 19.30 g / t, the recovery rate is 52.61; the grade of tailings is 0.45 g / t, and the recovery is 6.47.The closed circuit test adopts the principle of one roughing, three cleaning and two cleaning. The grade of flotation concentrate is 18.40 g / t, the recovery rate is 79.72, the grade of tailings is 0.50 g / t and the recovery is 20.28.The optimum dosage of single collector is 150 g / t, and the best dosage of compound collector is 100 g / t. And the dosage was reduced by 50 g / t. The infrared analysis showed that PAX was an organic substance with branched chain, possibly containing aromatic ring, nitro.SIBX was an unsaturated organic substance with straight chain, it might contain amines. It may also contain unsaturated bonds. Ammonium butylammonium black is an unsaturated organic compound with branched chains, which may contain C ~ (+) C = N ~ ((1)) C = C ~ (2 +) C = C ~ (2 +) C ~ (2 +) -P ~ (-O-O) -C ~ ((1)) -P ~ (-S-) bond. The original ore may contain -OHNH _ 4 CO _ (32) O _ (32) O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (10) O _ (TiO _ 3). The results show that both physical adsorption and chemisorption of ammonium butylammonium black drug occur, so the selectivity of PAX is better than that of ammonium butylammonium black drug. It is found that the flotation concentrate has a higher grade. The complex collector and ore not only have physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, but also coadsorption. Therefore, the adsorption action of the complex collector on the ore surface is greater than that of the single collector. It can not only keep the better index of flotation, but also greatly reduce the dosage of mineral dressing agent and the dressing cost.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD952

【参考文献】