试论国内外大型超大型锂辉石矿床的特殊性与找矿方向

发布时间：2018-03-18 20:43

本文选题：锂辉石　切入点：大型超大型矿床　出处：《地球科学》2017年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：锂辉石矿床是锂矿的重要类型,但曾经因为开采成本高于盐湖提锂而被停止勘查.近年来随着新兴产业快速发展对锂的需求成倍增长,对锂辉石的重新开采已经成为锂资源的重要来源.通过对国内外7个大型超大型锂辉石矿床一些成矿特点的归纳总结,认为大规模的锂辉石成矿作用总是伴有一定的特殊性,如:伟晶岩型的锂辉石矿床可以产出在基性岩而不局限于花岗岩、片麻岩、片岩等常见的围岩中;锂辉石在伟晶岩中可以是粗晶的,也可以是细晶的;含锂辉石的伟晶岩脉可以是分带性良好的,也可以是分带性很差的;矿脉的形态可以是简单的板状体也可以是极其复杂的;成矿时代可以老到太古宙也可以晚到新生代;成矿构造环境可以是稳定的地台区也可以是构造活跃的喜马拉雅造山带.从容矿围岩特殊性、成矿时代特殊性、构造背景特殊性、矿化分带特殊性等方面探讨了大型超大型锂辉石矿床的找矿方向,指出,在找矿的过程中不能局限于花岗岩体的周边,也不能只以古老地台区的西澳的格林布什或北美的坦科为唯一模板,更不能只想到新疆可可托海的复杂性而忽略还有四川甲基卡、可尔因这样规模可十倍于大型矿床但形态却十分简单的超大型矿床的存在,找矿过程中也不能只考虑传统地质方法而要结合实际情况建立适当的物探化探等勘查模型.只要具体问题具体分析,拓展找矿思路,恰当使用勘查技术手段,要取得新的找矿突破是完全可能的.
[Abstract]:Spodumene deposits are an important type of lithium ore, but have been stopped from exploration because of the higher cost of mining lithium than in salt lakes. The demand for lithium has increased exponentially in recent years with the rapid development of emerging industries. The remining of spodumene has become an important source of lithium resources. By summing up some metallogenic characteristics of seven large and super-large spodumene deposits at home and abroad, it is concluded that large-scale spodumene mineralization is always accompanied by certain particularity. For example, pegmatite spodumene deposits can occur in basic rocks rather than in granite, gneiss, schist and other common surrounding rocks, spodumene in pegmatite can be coarse-grained or fine-grained; The pegmatite vein containing spodumene can be well zoned or poorly zoned, the shape of the vein can be simple plate-like or extremely complex, and the metallogenic age may be old to Archean or late to Cenozoic. The ore-forming tectonic environment may be a stable platform area or an active Himalayan orogenic belt. This paper discusses the prospecting direction of large and super-large spodumene deposits from the particularity of mineralization zoning and points out that the prospecting process should not be confined to the periphery of granite body. Nor can we just take Greenbush in Western Australia or Tanco in North America as the only template in the ancient platform area. Nor can we just think about the complexity of the Coco Sea in Xinjiang and ignore the Sichuan methyl card. The existence of super-large deposits of such a scale as that of a large deposit, but of a very simple form, In the process of prospecting, we should not only consider the traditional geological methods, but also set up appropriate geophysical and geochemical exploration models according to the actual conditions. As long as the concrete problems are analyzed, the ideas of prospecting should be expanded, and the technical means of exploration should be properly used. It is entirely possible to make a new breakthrough in prospecting.
【作者单位】：中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所国土资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室;中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院;中国地质调查局地学文献中心中国地质图书馆;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划“锂能源金属矿产基地深部探测技术示范”项目“我国锂能源金属成矿规律、靶区优选与重点查证”课题(No.2017YFC0602701) 中国地质调查局“大宗急缺矿产和战略性新兴产业矿产调查”工程“川西甲基卡大型锂矿资源基地综合调查评价”项目(No.DD20160055);中国地质调查局中国矿产地质与成矿规律综合集成和服务(矿产地质志)项目(No.DD20160346) 华南重点矿集区稀有稀散和稀土矿产调查”项目(No.DD20160056)
【分类号】：P618.71

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