基于匹配追踪的叠前道集吸收补偿和频散校正

发布时间：2018-03-19 17:40

本文选题：地震勘探　切入点：叠前道集　出处：《中国石油大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于匹配追踪算法,对地震道集吸收和频散进行补偿。首先,运用匹配追踪算法对叠前道集作匹配分解,以零偏移距匹配子波建立随子波中心时间和中心频率乘积值变化的振幅衰减曲线,进而得到不同匹配子波衰减振幅的增益系数;然后,基于射线路径获取零偏移距吸收衰减与非零偏移距吸收衰减间的关系,运用零偏移距振幅增益系数与道集角度计算各个角度地震道的匹配子波振幅增益系数;最后,用振幅增益系数对不同匹配子波衰减振幅分别进行吸收补偿,并重构地震信号;对于频散影响,通过匹配子波求取品质因子进行频散校正。数据资料测试发现,深部吸收衰减能量得到有效补偿,同时消除了吸收对振幅随偏移距变化特征的影响。
[Abstract]:Based on the matching tracing algorithm, the absorption and dispersion of seismic gathers are compensated. Firstly, the matching tracing algorithm is used to decompose the prestack gathers. By using zero-offset matched wavelet, the amplitude attenuation curve with the product of the wavelet center time and central frequency is established, and the gain coefficients of different matched wavelet attenuation amplitudes are obtained. Based on the relationship between zero-offset absorption attenuation and non-zero-offset absorption attenuation obtained by ray path, the amplitude gain coefficient of matched wavelet is calculated by using zero-offset amplitude gain coefficient and gather angle. Finally, The amplitude-gain coefficient is used to compensate the attenuation amplitudes of different matched wavelet and to reconstruct the seismic signal. For the influence of frequency dispersion, the dispersion correction is carried out by using the matched wavelet to obtain the quality factor. The attenuation energy of deep absorption is compensated effectively and the influence of absorption on the variation of amplitude with offset is eliminated.
【作者单位】：中国石油大学地球科学与技术学院;中海油研究总院;华北油田;中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05006004) 中海油重点科研项目(YXKY-2016-ZY-09) 中国石油大学(华东)研究生创新工程项目(YCX2015006)
【分类号】：P631.4

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