煤炭开采扰动区农田低碳耕作模式优化模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 15:23

本文选题：采煤沉陷稳沉区　切入点：低碳耕作　出处：《金属矿山》2017年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用山西省晋煤集团某煤矿沉陷坡面的作物产量和温室气体排放量田间观测数据,对DNDC模型进行了验证。采用验证后的模型模拟了采煤沉陷坡面2.2°~25°下的玉米产量和单产增温潜势,分别选取2.2°、5°和12°这3个坡度,研究了不同坡度下不同耕作措施和施肥措施对玉米产量和单产增温潜势的影响,以此提出了兼顾作物产量和温室气体排放量的农田管理调控措施。结果表明:(1)当沉陷坡面坡度大于12°时,坡面作物产量下降迅速,且单产增温潜势急剧上升,因此,本研究提出应将采煤沉陷坡度控制在12°以内,以减小采煤沉陷坡面对产量和温室气体排放的影响;(2)综合考虑产量和单产增温潜势,提出了适合采煤沉陷坡面的低碳高产的农田优化管理措施,即将常规氮肥施肥量提高到306 kg/hm2,耕作深度由原来的耕深20 cm提高为30 cm,秸秆全部还田。
[Abstract]:Based on the field observation data of crop yield and greenhouse gas emission from a coal mine subsidence slope in Shanxi Jinmei Group, The DNDC model was used to simulate the maize yield and the potential of increasing temperature per unit yield at 2.2 掳or 25 掳of mining subsidence slope, and the three slopes of 2.2 掳5 掳and 12 掳were selected, respectively. The effects of different tillage and fertilization measures on maize yield and temperature potential per yield under different slopes were studied. The results show that when the slope of subsidence slope is greater than 12 掳, the crop yield on the slope decreases rapidly and the potential of increasing temperature per unit yield increases sharply. Therefore, when the slope of subsidence slope is greater than 12 掳, the yield of crop on the slope will decrease rapidly, and the potential of increasing temperature per unit yield will rise sharply. In this study, the slope of coal mining subsidence should be controlled within 12 掳to reduce the influence of mining subsidence slope on yield and greenhouse gas emission. The optimal management measures of low carbon and high yield farmland suitable for coal mining subsidence slope were put forward, that is, the amount of conventional nitrogen fertilizer was increased to 306 kg 路hm ~ (2), the tillage depth was increased from 20 cm to 30 cm, and the straw was returned to the field.
【作者单位】：山西农业大学资源环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学青年基金项目(编号:51304130) 山西省青年科技研究基金项目(编号:2015021125) 国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51074154/E042203) 山西农业大学基金项目(编号:20132-13)
【分类号】：S513;TD82

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