锚杆支护“平衡力系”原理分析及应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 05:09

本文选题：锚杆支护　切入点：平衡力系　出处：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为了解决目前普遍认可的锚杆支护理论缺乏统一解释的问题,提出了锚杆支护平衡力系原理,进行了理论分析及工业试验研究。把锚杆端部托盘对巷道表面产生的压应力和锚杆锚固段在围岩体中产生的锚固力看作一组平衡力。并利用锚杆两端形成的平衡力系代替巷道围岩支护中使用的锚杆本身,以平衡力系的角度研究锚杆的受力规律,并对锚杆支护的巷道围岩进行力学分析。本文以莫尔库伦理论作为岩石的强度准则,建立锚固区内岩体在等围压条件下有限厚度圆筒分析模型,给出了有限厚度等围压圆筒弹性区范围内的相当应力公式。针对锚杆在巷道围岩中锚固段位于塑性区和位于弹性区两种不同的情形,分别推导了相应的巷道围岩锚固区内岩体对外围岩体的径向抗力理论公式。研究处于平衡力系作用范围内岩体中的锚杆,在围岩松动圈发育范围不同时的作用机理。以许疃煤矿83下回风暗斜井为设计背景,结合设计巷道地质力学环境的现场测试和实验室实验,分别计算了各设计断面在不同支护参数条件下的塑性区深度、围岩体的莫尔库伦准则相当应力以及锚固区内岩体对外围岩体的径向抗力。最后,根据现场施工的巷道补强锚杆支护方案,并结合设计段测试位置的巷道表面位移监测结果进行对比分析,研究巷道支护中的锚杆对锚杆锚固区内岩体的变形控制。研究结果表明:巷道支护中的锚杆锚固段位于围岩弹、塑性区内,锚杆在围岩中的安设均可以提高锚固区内岩体对外围岩体的径向抗力,但"小松动圈"巷道内的锚杆还可以起到降低锚固区弹性范围内岩体的相当应力。因此,"大松动圈"巷道中的锚杆对锚固区内的岩体具有组合拱作用,而"小松动圈"巷道中的锚杆对锚固区内的岩体既有"悬吊"作用又有组合拱作用。巷道表面位移监测数据分析表明,巷道支护中的锚杆可以有效控制锚杆锚固区内岩体的变形速度。本文的研究成果,对同类型巷道的支护设计提供了一些新的理论参考和现场施工经验。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem that the widely accepted bolting theory lacks a unified interpretation, the principle of equilibrium force system of bolt support is put forward. Theoretical analysis and industrial test were carried out. The compressive stress on the surface of roadway caused by the end tray of anchor rod and the anchoring force produced by anchor bolt in surrounding rock mass were regarded as a group of equilibrium forces, and the balance formed at both ends of anchor rod was used. The force system replaces the bolt itself used in the surrounding rock support of the roadway, The stress law of bolt is studied from the angle of equilibrium force system, and the mechanical analysis of surrounding rock of roadway supported by bolt is carried out. In this paper, the Mohr Coulomb theory is used as the strength criterion of rock. The finite thickness cylinder analysis model of rock mass in Anchorage zone under the condition of equal confining pressure is established. In this paper, the equivalent stress formula in the elastic zone of the cylinder with finite thickness is given. In view of the two different cases in which the anchor rod is located in the plastic zone and the elastic zone in the surrounding rock of the roadway, The radial resistance formula of rock mass to surrounding rock in surrounding rock Anchorage zone of roadway is derived, and the anchor rod in rock mass in the range of equilibrium force system is studied. The action mechanism of different development range of surrounding rock loosening circle. Taking 83 downwind dark inclined shaft of Xutuan Coal Mine as the design background, combined with field test and laboratory experiment of designing roadway geo-mechanical environment, The plastic zone depth of each design section under different supporting parameters, the equivalent stress of Mohlcoulomb criterion of surrounding rock mass and the radial resistance of rock mass to surrounding rock mass in Anchorage zone are calculated respectively. Finally, According to the roadway reinforcement and bolting support scheme in the field construction, and combining with the monitoring results of roadway surface displacement in the test position of the design section, a comparative analysis is carried out. The deformation control of rock mass in bolt Anchorage zone is studied. The results show that the bolt Anchorage section in roadway support is located in the elastic and plastic zone of surrounding rock. The installation of anchor rod in surrounding rock can improve the radial resistance of rock mass in Anchorage area to surrounding rock mass. However, the bolt in the roadway of "Komatsu Loop" can also reduce the equivalent stress of rock mass in the elastic range of Anchorage zone. Therefore, the bolt in the roadway of "large loose Ring" has the function of combined arch to the rock mass in the Anchorage area. However, the bolt in the "Komatsu Loop" roadway has both "suspension" and "combined arch" effect on the rock mass in the Anchorage zone. The analysis of the surface displacement monitoring data of the roadway shows that, The deformation speed of rock mass can be effectively controlled by bolt in roadway support. The research results of this paper provide some new theoretical reference and field construction experience for the design of the same type roadway.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD353.6

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