露天煤矿内排期间下部水平汽车开拓运输系统优化

发布时间：2018-03-25 18:38

本文选题：露天煤矿　切入点：内排　出处：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：因汽车机动灵活、适应性强的特点,汽车开拓运输系统被广泛用于我国大型露天矿山中。随着国际柴油价格的升高,汽车运输成本增加,从而加大了矿山开采的成本。建立贯通采场工作帮与内排土场的运输系统,可以有效降低剥离物内排运输功,减少汽车运输费用,减少二氧化碳排放量,实现矿山绿色开采。论文阐述了露天矿开拓运输系统的类型及特点,介绍了国内外露天矿山采用的开拓运输方式,突出汽车运输系统在矿山开拓的优势。在此基础上提出露天矿内排搭桥运输系统布置的影响因素,内排搭桥的方式。建立桥体平面位置模型,基于工作帮剥离台阶运输功最小原则,确定近水平露天矿桥面位置。建立工作帮剥离物双环内排运距模型,基于汽车物料提升与平面运距关系建立搭桥后运距模型,在此基础上得到运输功计算模型。依据CAT797B发动机输出功率与速度关系曲线,计算得出卡车一个循环周期内6个环节单位运费。结果表明:重车爬升环节单位运费最高,降低重车爬升距离,可以有效降低卡车循环周期运费。利用简化模型,将桥体体积分割,计算搭桥重复剥离量及搭桥费用。提出新的桥面宽度计算公式,建立车辆载荷作用下桥体稳定性系数计算模型,利用Geo-slope软件对桥体稳定性分析,得到桥体稳定性系数与车辆外侧轮胎距离台阶坡顶线的距离0m关系曲线。结合前人的研究成果,提出新的桥体经济损失模型,即:桥体经济损失由桥体中断期间剥离物运输功增加费用、反向内排搭桥运输功减少费用及搭桥费用三部分组成。进而得出桥体最佳移设步距。基于桥体运输功模型,得出桥面处最短工作线长度及桥体服务水平,结果表明:下部水平搭双桥时的桥面位置处工作线长度范围比搭单桥时大,服务剥离台阶高度比搭单桥时小。以哈尔乌素露天煤矿为例,验证模型的正确性,结果表明:搭双桥与单桥均适用于哈尔乌素露天煤矿的开采条件,搭单桥的最小桥面宽度是24.4m,最多可以服务4个剥离台阶,年节省运费9390.794万元,减少二氧化碳排放2730.08t;搭双桥最多可服务2个剥离台阶,年节省运费3318.647万元,减少二氧化碳排放1998.85t。哈尔乌素露天煤矿下部水平搭双桥可使吨煤成本下降7.06元,为最优方案。
[Abstract]:Because of the flexibility and adaptability of automobiles, the development and transportation system of automobiles is widely used in large open pit mines in China. With the increase of international diesel oil price, the cost of automobile transportation is increasing. Thus, the cost of mining is increased. The establishment of a transportation system between the working help and the internal dump of the mining site can effectively reduce the transport power of the inner discharge of the stripping material, reduce the transportation cost of the vehicle, and reduce the carbon dioxide emissions. This paper expounds the types and characteristics of open pit mine development and transportation system, and introduces the open pit mine development and transportation mode adopted at home and abroad. The advantages of automobile transportation system in mine development are highlighted. On the basis of this, the factors affecting the layout of internal drainage bridge transportation system and the way of internal drainage bypass bridge are put forward, and the plane position model of bridge body is established. Based on the principle of minimum work of working side stripping step transportation, the position of bridge deck in near horizontal opencast mine is determined. The model of double ring inner discharge distance of working side stripping material is established, and the rear transportation distance model is established based on the relationship between automobile material lifting and plane transportation distance. On this basis, the transport power calculation model is obtained. According to the relation curve between output power and speed of CAT797B engine, the unit freight rate of six links in a cycle cycle of truck is calculated. The results show that the unit freight rate of heavy truck climbing link is the highest. Reducing the climbing distance of heavy truck can effectively reduce the cycle freight rate of truck. By using the simplified model, the volume of the bridge body is divided, the repeated stripping amount and the cost of the bypass bridge are calculated, and a new formula for calculating the width of the bridge deck is put forward. The calculation model of the stability coefficient of the bridge under vehicle load is established. The stability of the bridge is analyzed by Geo-slope software, and the relationship curve between the stability coefficient of the bridge and the distance between the lateral tire and the top line of the step slope is obtained. A new model of economic loss of bridge body is proposed, that is, the cost of transport work of stripping material is increased during the interruption of economic loss of bridge body. The three parts of reducing the cost of transport work and the cost of bypass bridge are made up of the reverse inner row bypass bridge, and then the optimal displacement distance of the bridge body is obtained. Based on the transport power model of the bridge body, the shortest working line length and the service level of the bridge deck are obtained. The results show that the length range of the working line at the position of the bridge deck is larger than that of the single bridge, and the height of the service stripping step is smaller than that of the single bridge. The correctness of the model is verified by taking Halwusu opencast coal mine as an example. The results show that both double bridge and single bridge are suitable for mining condition of Halwusu opencast coal mine. The minimum bridge deck width of single bridge is 24.4 m, which can serve 4 stripping steps at most and save 93.90794 million yuan per year on freight. Reducing carbon dioxide emission at 2730.08 t, building double bridge can serve 2 stripping steps at most, saving 33.18647 million yuan per year in freight and reducing carbon dioxide emission 1998.85 t.The cost of coal per ton can be reduced by 7.06 yuan at the lower level of Halusu opencast coal mine, which is the best scheme.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD824

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