矿用隔爆型软起动器的设计与外壳优化

发布时间：2018-03-27 16:09

本文选题：隔爆外壳　切入点：优化　出处：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：隔爆外壳一直广泛应用于煤矿及各种工业场所,通常在其内部安装一些交流或直流的控制设备,如变频器、软起动器等。通过将这些电气设备安装在隔爆外壳内,可以有效防止壳体内的电路系统由于故障所产生的电火化在点燃壳体内的瓦斯气体后通过法兰传导至壳体外部从而点燃壳体外的瓦斯气体,引发更严重的瓦斯爆炸,因此壳体的质量对于矿井的安全十分重要。而目前在制造壳体时,对于隔爆外壳的壁厚确定没有十分明确的依据,往往是制造人员在理论计算的基础上,为了确保安全,根据自己的经验,再增加一定的厚度,这样致使壳体的壁面应力储备过大,过于笨重。这些电气设备有时需要随着采掘工作面的推进而不断移动,有时其搬迁还需要经过多次重装,因此其质量过大就显得十分不便,为了解决这些问题,本文选取一类较常用的隔爆软起动器外壳进行研究。首先根据隔爆外壳使用的电流电压环境以及外壳内部工作的电路系统对壳体内的各种主要器件进行选型,并根据电路系统及各器件的具体尺寸以及爬电距离等规定对器件进行合理的布局,根据布局确定了隔爆外壳的具体尺寸。通过查询资料,确定该容积的隔爆外壳的具体壁面参数,按照隔爆外壳的试验要求,借助三维建模软件Solidworks对隔爆软起动器壳体建模,结合有限元分析软件Workbench仿真隔爆外壳的具体试验情况。在对模拟结果进行分析后,发现试验过程中壳体的不同壁面应力分布均不相同,为了保证隔爆外壳能在矿井下安全使用,必须要保证外壳的最大应力不能超过该种材料的许用应力,便可以对该外壳的壁厚进行合理优化。本文决定利用Workbench中提供的零阶方法对隔爆外壳做优化计算。首先对外壳进行参数化建模,对需要优化的参数设定允许优化的范围,在设置了循环次数后,根据软件提供的设计点,对外壳进行优化,根据得到的优化结果,选出最理想的优化数据。在完成对壳体的优化后,决定利用瓦斯爆炸对壳体进行耐爆性试验。本文采用单向流固耦合的方法,通过创建瓦斯爆炸的数学模型,借助流体软件Fluent模拟瓦斯爆炸的具体情况,并导出爆炸过程中的温度变化图,根据相应的温度变化,确定爆炸反应最激烈的时刻,将该时刻的爆炸数据加载到隔爆外壳内壁上,求解其应力以及应变。通过对计算结果分析可知,由于爆炸过程中壳体内的压力处处不同,致使壳体壁面的应力呈无规则状分布,其应力的最大值未超过选取材料的许用应力,表明对外壳做的优化计算十分成功。在完成对隔爆外壳的耐爆性试验后,需要对其进行隔爆性试验。利用瓦斯爆炸过程中得到的爆炸数据,获得壳体内的温度云图,选取法兰门温度最高处进行模拟,发现隔爆结合面过长。针对模拟结果,并根据国标要求,对隔爆结合面长度进行合理的缩短。在完成对隔爆软起动器的整体试验及优化后,根据现有的试验条件,对其进行水压试验,对试验结果进行分析发现,试验过程中,壳体未发生损坏,该壳体是合格的,壳体壁厚以及质量有了一定的减小,为该规格的隔爆外壳制造提供了一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:The flameproof enclosure has been widely used in coal mine and various industrial sites, usually installed control devices, some AC or DC in its interior such as inverter, soft starter. The electrical equipment installed in the flameproof enclosure, can effectively prevent the circuit system of the shell due to gas electric spark generated by faults in gas the gas lit shell by conduction to the outside of the casing flange shell is ignited, causing a gas explosion is more serious, so the quality of housing is very important for the safety of mine. At present, in the manufacture of shell, flameproof enclosure wall thickness to determine no clear basis, which is fundamental in the theory of manufacturing personnel on the calculation, in order to ensure the safety, according to their own experience, add a certain thickness, so the wall surface of the casing stress reserve is too large, the electrical equipment are too heavy. Preparation of sometimes need along with the mining working face advancing and moving, sometimes the relocation also need several reloading, so its quality is too large it is very inconvenient, in order to solve these problems, this paper selects a kind of more commonly used flameproof soft starter shell was studied. Firstly, according to the selection of circuit system of flameproof shell using current voltage the inside of the housing and the work of a variety of main devices in the shell, and depending on the size of the circuit system and the devices and creepage distance and other provisions of the device for a reasonable layout, according to the specific size to determine the layout of the flameproof enclosure. By querying the data, determine the specific volume of the shell wall burst across the face in accordance with the requirements of the test parameters of flameproof enclosure, using 3D modeling software Solidworks on Flameproof soft starter shell model with the finite element analysis software Workbench, simulation The specific test explosion case. In the analysis of the simulation results, found that different wall shell test in the process of stress distribution are not the same, in order to ensure the flameproof shell can be used safely in the mine, we must ensure that the shell maximum stress should not exceed the permissible stress, can the shell thickness is optimized. This paper decided to use zero order method in Workbench of flameproof shell do optimization calculation. Firstly, parametric modeling of the shell, setting range allows optimization of the parameters need to be optimized, in the setting of a cycle times, according to the design provided by the software, the shell optimized according to the optimization results obtained, choose the optimized data ideal. After the completion of the housing after optimization, decided to use the gas explosion on the shell of blast resistance test. This paper uses the method of one-way flow solid coupling, through A mathematical model of gas explosion, the specific circumstances by fluid software Fluent to simulate the gas explosion, and the explosion process of temperature variation is derived, according to the temperature change accordingly, determine the most intense explosion reaction time, the explosion loading data of the time to the flameproof enclosure wall, solving the stress and strain. Through the analysis of the calculation results, the explosion in the shell pressure everywhere, the shell wall stress of irregularly shaped distribution, the maximum stress does not exceed the allowable stress of the material selection, optimization of housing that doing the calculation was very successful. After the completion of the explosion resistance of vibration explosive shells, needs to carry on the explosion test. The data obtained by the explosion of gas explosion process, obtain the temperature nephogram of the shell, the highest temperature at the door flange selected for simulation, the flameproof combination The surface is too long. According to the simulation results, and according to the national standard, the flameproof combined surface length reasonably shortened. After the completion of the overall test and optimization of flameproof soft starter, according to the experimental conditions, the water pressure test on the analysis of test results found that during the test, the shell has not damaged and the shell is qualified, shell thickness and quality have been reduced, providing a certain reference value for the specification of flameproof shell manufacturing.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD684

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