川南高岭石型硫铁尾矿大宗量高效利用技术研发

发布时间：2018-04-01 06:07

本文选题：高岭土　切入点：硫铁尾矿　出处：《西南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：川南地区硫铁矿资源储量丰富,矿石中主要矿物为黄铁矿与高岭石,在长期的硫铁矿开采和选矿过程中,由于采选技术落后,很多高岭土资源没有得到充分的利用而被弃于尾矿中,大量尾矿不但占用大量宝贵的土地资源,还会引起严重的酸性矿山废水环境污染。因此开展高岭石型硫铁尾矿的大宗量高效利用,对于川南地区煤硫产业的循环发展无疑具有重要意义。本文对川南高岭石型硫铁尾矿的工艺矿物学性质、硫铁重选尾矿脱碳浮硫工艺、浮选尾矿用作混凝土矿用外加剂以及表面改性煅烧高岭土用作橡塑填料工艺等进行研究,主要研究内容及结果如下。(1)川南高岭石型硫铁尾矿工艺矿物学特性。川南高岭石型硫铁尾矿分为重选尾矿与浮选尾矿,主要矿物成分为高岭石和黄铁矿,并含有锐钛矿、方解石,重选尾矿中有些许碳质矿物;重选尾矿中Si O2和Al2O3含量为59.35%,碳和硫的含量分别为6.27%和7.84%,浮选尾矿中Si O2和Al2O3含量为76.50%,碳和硫的含量分别为1.06%和0.82%。(2)重选尾矿脱碳浮硫试验。重选尾矿需再磨至-0.074 mm 85%进行浮选,经过脱碳浮硫,尾矿碳、硫品位降低至1.28%、1.03%;碳精矿发热量为5285.68 kcal/kg(22.11 MJ/kg),达到GB/T 15224-2010《煤炭质量分级》中发热量的标准;硫精矿品位为48.63%,达到硫精矿优等品的要求;浮硫尾矿的碳、硫品位与高岭石型硫铁浮选尾矿极为接近,可用于混凝土矿物外加剂的研究。(3)浮选尾矿作混凝土矿物外加剂试验。浮选尾矿(-0.074 mm 85%)经过煅烧后,成为煅烧高岭土,粉磨过后,具有极高的火山灰活性;最佳煅烧温度为800℃,最优煅烧时间为2 h,磨矿细度为d9 0为19.64μm,最优条件下水泥胶砂试验活性指数可达125.6%;煅烧高岭土作混凝土矿物外加剂,掺量为30%时混凝土力学及施工性能最佳,并且煅烧高岭土能够代替水泥熟料并且有效降低水化热;随着水化龄期的增大,水泥生成Ca(OH)2的量逐渐增大;相同的水泥水化龄期内,Ca(OH)2随着掺量增大而减小,并且随着掺量的增加,活性硅铝消耗的Ca(OH)2含量就越大(活性Si O2、Al2O3与C a(OH)2发生二次水化反应),火山灰反应越显著。(4)煅烧高岭土表面改性后作橡塑填料试验。煅烧高岭土经粉磨(d6 0≈2μm),硅烷偶联剂改性(用量为煅烧高岭土质量的1.5%)后所得的表面改性高岭土,可作为EPDM橡胶和PP塑料的充填剂,改性高岭土充填橡胶的最佳配比为15%M,橡胶的拉伸强度达到4.32 MPa,比空白样增加45.5%;断裂伸长率由322.03%增加至402.85%。;改性煅烧高岭土可以明显增强PP的力学性能,最佳添加量为10%M,断裂伸长率由28.15%提升至51.29%,屈服点伸长率由12.28%提升至16.54%,未改性高岭土与PP塑料相容性差,对PP塑料没有补强作用。川南高岭石型硫铁尾矿所制备的煅烧高岭土,用作混凝土矿物外加剂可大宗量消耗川南高岭石型硫铁尾矿,改性煅烧高岭土可用作橡塑填料,也能够达到减排的目的。这些举措对于四川煤硫产业的循环发展具有重要意义,不仅能够利用资源,更能对尾矿进行大宗量消耗,实现川南高岭石型硫铁尾矿的大宗量高效利用。
[Abstract]:The reserves of pyrite resources in South Sichuan area is rich, the main mineral is pyrite and kaolinite, pyrite mining and mineral processing in the long process of mining, due to backward technology, a lot of kaolin resources are not fully utilized and abandoned in the tailings, a lot of tailings not only take up a lot of valuable land resources, but also cause acid mine wastewater environment serious pollution. So to carry out the efficient use of large amount of kaolinite type pyrite tailing, is undoubtedly of great significance for the development of coal industry circular sulfur in South Sichuan. The technological mineralogy of South Sichuan kaolinite pyrite tailings, pyrite sulfur flotation gravity tailings decarburization process, flotation tailings used as concrete admixtures and mineral surface modification of calcined kaolin as filler in plastics and rubber technology are studied, the main research contents and results are as follows. (1) the southern Sichuan kaolinite pyrite tailing workers The mineralogical characteristics of southern Sichuan art. Kaolinite type pyrite tailings into gravity tailings and tailings, the main mineral composition of kaolinite and pyrite, and contain anatase, calcite, gravity tailings some carbonaceous minerals; Si O2 gravity and Al2O3 content in the tailings is 59.35%, the content of carbon and sulfur were 6.27% and 7.84%, Si O2 and Al2O3 content of flotation tailings was 76.50%, the content of carbon and sulfur are respectively 1.06% and 0.82%. (2) gravity tailings decarburization sulfur flotation test. Gravity tailings need to wear to the -0.074 mm 85% after decarburization flotation, sulfur flotation tailings, carbon, sulfur grade decreased to 1.28%, 1.03%; the carbon concentrate calorific value 5285.68 kcal/kg (22.11 MJ/kg), reached GB/T 15224-2010< coal quality classification > calorific value standard; sulfur concentrate grade is 48.63%, achieved an excellent sulfur concentrate; sulfur flotation tailings of carbon, sulfur grade and kaolinite type pyrite flotation tailings is very Close, can be used to study the mineral admixture of concrete. (3) experimental flotation tailings of mineral admixture of concrete. The flotation tailings (-0.074 mm 85%) after calcination, a calcined kaolin, after grinding, high volcano activity; the optimum calcination temperature is 800 DEG C, the optimum calcination time was 2 h, grinding fineness D9 0 is 19.64 m, the optimum conditions of cement mortar test activity index reached 125.6%; calcined kaolin as mineral admixture of concrete, admixture of 30% concrete mechanics and construction of the best performance, and calcined kaolin can replace cement clinker and reduce the heat of hydration; with the increase of hydration time, cement formation Ca (OH) 2 is increased; the cement hydration period within the same Ca (OH) 2 as the volume increases, and with the increase of the admixture, the active silicon aluminium consumption of Ca (OH) 2 in the greater activity of Si (O2, Al2O3 and C a (OH) 2 Two hydration reaction, reaction) volcano ash is more significant. (4) after the test of rubber packing of calcined kaolin. Surface modification of calcined kaolin by grinding (D6 0 = 2 m), modification of silane coupling agent (1.5% amount of calcined kaolin quality) obtained after the surface modification of kaolin can be used as EPDM and PP plastic rubber filling agent, the optimum ratio of modified kaolin filled rubber 15%M rubber, the tensile strength reached 4.32 MPa, increased 45.5% than that of the blank sample; the elongation increased from 322.03% to 402.85%.; modified calcined kaolin can enhance the mechanical properties of PP, the optimum adding amount was 10%M, the elongation by 28.15% the ascent to 51.29%, the yield point elongation increased from 12.28% to 16.54%, unmodified kaolin and PP plastic compatibility is poor, no reinforcing effect on PP plastics. Southern Sichuan kaolinite pyrite tailings prepared by calcined kaolin, as concrete mineral The bulk of consumption of admixtures in South Sichuan kaolinite pyrite tailing, modified calcined kaolin can be used as filler in plastics and rubber, also can achieve emission reduction purposes. These measures is of great significance for the development of Sichuan coal industry in the sulfur cycle, not only can use more resources, energy consumption of the tailings in a large amount, to achieve a large amount of kaolinite in South Sichuan type of pyrite tailing utilization.

【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD926.4

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