基于燃烧合成法利用煤矸石制取β-Sialon的实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 08:09

  本文选题：矿山安全环保　切入点：β-Sialon　出处：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：将煤矿生产中废弃的煤矸石进行综合利用,制备出高性能复相材料,符合低碳环保的循环发展理念,能够有效促进煤炭企业的转型升级。本论文以煤炭生产企业废弃煤矸石为主要原材料,利用西山矿区西铭矿2号煤层煤矸石粉制取出β-Sialon材料。Sialon是一类在各种条件下展现出良好性能的材料,具有优异的高温稳定性,抗腐蚀性,低密度,这种材料不仅能广泛被应用于车辆、宇航工业材料,还能作为刚玉、SiC等一些耐火材料的补充添加剂。本研究中所使用的燃烧合成技术(combustion synthesis)是高效合成Sialon粉体的最新技术手段之一。相对于传统的Sialon粉体制备方法-碳热还原法来说,燃烧合成法具备节能环保、反应迅速、成本低、操作便捷、产物粉体不易烧结等优势。本文首先使用高温煅烧的手段除去挥发分等与制取Sialon无关的杂质;对反应釜体系燃烧合成β-Sialon相关理论进行分析,并根据实验过程/条件对相关热力学进行分析,依据△G等参数计算得出β-Sialon完全合成温度—2918K(2645℃);设定不同的实验体系—氮气压力影响、硅粉对β-Sialon燃烧合成的影响、铝粉对β-Sialon燃烧合成的影响、Si3N4对β-Sialon燃烧合成的影响、AlN粉对β-Sialon燃烧合成的影响、优化配比参数燃烧合成β-Sialon;对反应体系中不同的合成产物进行XRD组分化验,通过光学显微镜、SEM手段,深入分析了各个反应体系中较优方案的微观结构,随着实验反应工艺的不断改善,生成产物β-Sialon的六棱柱状晶型逐渐显著,利用煤矸石作为反应原材料,基于燃烧合成制取的产物晶粒已经发育完全。论文还利用SEM等手段,分析了β-Sialon材料的生长机理,建立了生长过程的VLS物理模型。本文利用燃烧合成反应釜系统,在使用煤矸石粉料作为主体原料的前提下,以铝粉作为强还原剂,适量添加Si3N4、AlN等辅助剂,围绕反应体系的材料组分—反应工艺—物相分析—显微结构,在各方案中不断试验、改进,摸索出了比较理想的燃烧合成生产Sialon的工艺条件实验方案:1.5MPa氮气、煤矸石粉和Si3N4按照化学反应方程式配比,铝粉添加量是其对煤矸石粉化学反应方程式摩尔比的1.8倍,掺加AlN为煤矸石粉和Al重量和的5%,得到衍射峰强明显的单相β-Sialon,最优产物的晶相中杂质峰很少,这是XRD分析中物相生成率高的表现。
[Abstract]:The waste coal gangue in coal production is comprehensively utilized to prepare high performance multiphase materials, which accords with the concept of low carbon environmental protection cycle development and can effectively promote the transformation and upgrading of coal enterprises.In this paper, 尾 -Sialon material. Sialon is a kind of material which shows good performance under various conditions and has excellent high temperature stability by using coal gangue powder of No. 2 coal seam in Xishan mining area as the main raw material.This material not only can be widely used in vehicle and aerospace industry but also can be used as supplementary additive of corundum sic and other refractories.Combustion synthesis technique used in this study is one of the latest techniques for the efficient synthesis of Sialon powders.Compared with the traditional Sialon powder preparation method, the combustion synthesis method has the advantages of energy-saving, environmental protection, rapid reaction, low cost, convenient operation, and the product powder is not easy to be sintered.In this paper, we first use the method of high temperature calcination to remove volatile matter and other impurities which are not related to the preparation of Sialon, and analyze the relevant theories of combustion synthesis of 尾 -Sialon in the reactor system, and analyze the relevant thermodynamics according to the experimental process / conditions.According to the calculation of G and other parameters, the complete synthesis temperature of 尾 -Sialon was calculated at -2918K ~ (2645) 鈩，

本文编号：1694675