离子型稀土原地浸矿的渗流规律及其应用

发布时间：2018-04-01 09:39

本文选题：原地浸矿　切入点：注液强度　出处：《江西理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：关于采用原地浸矿工艺开采离子型稀土,没有统一的规范,各个矿区凭借经验开采稀土,极易造成滑坡等地质灾害。研究原地浸矿在注液过程中的单孔注液强度模型,浸矿液在矿层中的渗流规律以及注液过程中边坡的稳定性,将对规范离子型稀土的开采具有重要的意义。本文根据裘布依基本假设提出孔周为达西流和非达西流两种条件下的单孔注液强度计算模型,通过室内渗透试验确定渗透系数和渗流参数,结合现场单孔注液试验数据验证单孔注液强度计算模型；根据试验矿块每天的注液量和收液量,得出试验矿块在某一注液强度下的渗流稳定时间,并通过液位和孔隙水压力的增长率进一步验证；由多个液位观测孔确定试验矿块在注液期间的浸润面,并计算矿层在注液期间的饱和体积比；在有无临空面的两种边坡上布置土压力计,监测土压力计的变化规律和裂缝的发育情况,分析边坡稳定性,计算边坡不稳定时矿层饱和体积比。通过以上研究分析,得到以下结论：(1)通过比较现场试验、达西渗流和非达西渗流条件下的注液强度,结果表明当注液孔中液面升高高度0.4-1.0m时,非达西渗流条件下的注液强度与实测强度误差小于15%,满足工程要求。(2)当注液强度为740m3/d时,在注液第42天时渗流达到稳定,此时矿层饱和体积比只为63%。位于非饱和区域的矿层难以被浸矿液浸泡,造成资源回收率偏低。(3)随着浸矿液不断注入试验矿块,矿层的饱和体积比不断增加。当矿层的饱和体积比为20%-30%时,山顶开始产生张拉裂缝；当矿层的饱和体积比升至55%-70%时,边坡的前缘山顶至山腰之间稳定性变差；当矿层的饱和体积比升至70%-80%时,有临空面的坡脚稳定性变差。
[Abstract]:There is no uniform standard for mining ionic rare earths by in-situ leaching process. Each mining area can easily cause geological hazards such as landslide by means of experience.It is of great significance to study the single hole injection strength model of in-situ leaching, the seepage law of leaching fluid in ore bed and the slope stability in the process of liquid injection.Based on the basic hypothesis of Qiubuyi, this paper presents a single hole injection strength calculation model under the condition that the pore circumference is Darcy flow and non-Darcy flow, and the permeability coefficient and seepage parameters are determined by laboratory permeation test.The calculation model of single hole injection strength is verified with field single hole injection test data, and the seepage stability time of test ore block under a certain injection intensity is obtained according to the amount of liquid injected and liquid recovery per day of the test ore block.It is further verified by the growth rate of liquid level and pore water pressure, and the saturation volume ratio of ore bed during liquid injection is calculated by determining the infiltrating surface of test ore blocks during liquid injection by multiple liquid level observation holes.Soil pressure gauges are arranged on two kinds of slopes with or without empty surface. The variation law of soil pressure gauge and the development of cracks are monitored, the stability of slope is analyzed, and the saturation volume ratio of ore bed is calculated when the slope is unstable.Through the above research and analysis, the following conclusion is drawn: 1) by comparing the field tests, the injection strength of Darcy seepage and non-Darcy seepage is obtained. The results show that when the liquid level in the injection hole is raised by 0.4-1.0 m,Under the condition of non-Darcy seepage, the error between the injection strength and the measured strength is less than 15, which meets the engineering requirements. When the injection intensity is 740m3/d, the seepage reaches stability at the 42nd day of injection, and the saturation volume ratio of ore bed is only 63.The ore bed located in unsaturated area is difficult to be soaked by leaching solution, which results in low recovery rate of mineral resources. (3) the saturated volume ratio of ore bed increases with the injection of leaching fluid into the test ore block.When the saturated volume ratio of the ore bed is 20% to 30%, the tensile crack begins to occur on the top of the mountain; when the saturated volume ratio of the ore bed rises to 55% -70%, the stability between the front edge of the slope and the hillside becomes poor; when the saturated volume ratio of the ore bed rises to 70% -80%,The stability of the slope foot with an empty surface becomes worse.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD955

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