采动和爆破作用下多级边坡的局部损伤破坏分析

发布时间：2018-04-01 10:04

本文选题：多级边坡　切入点：采动效应　出处：《青岛理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：采用穿孔爆破法对露天矿山进行采掘生产,是现阶段露天矿开采的主要方式。频繁的集中爆破作业产生的冲击荷载,促进原有微裂缝的迅速扩展贯通,并诱导新裂缝滋生,对周围岩体结构的完整性造成严重破坏。爆破后岩体的连续采动,对多级边坡局部岩体具有卸荷作用,促使采动域内不同空间位置上各单元体的应力迁移,引起原始平衡体系遭到破坏,继而岩体产生位移和变形。目前,对爆破、采动卸荷作用下边坡局部破坏机理和预警防治技术有着广泛的研究,而对采动和爆破共同作用下破坏灾变机理研究较少,且采动和爆破作用下多级边坡的局部破坏机理和破坏过程仍不明确,所以仍需要对采动和爆破共同作用下多级边坡的破坏机理和破坏过程进行系统的研究。采动卸荷效应是一个长期演化过程,而爆破过程具有瞬时性、冲击性,如何选择研究对象对采动和爆破协同作用下多级边坡局部破坏进行研究是问题的关键。针对研究对象,如何制定多级边坡局部失稳的极限条件对多级边坡预测预警工作具有重要意义。针对上述问题,结合国家自然基金重点项目“矿山顶板灾害活动特征及其力学机制”(51234005-01)、住房和城乡建设部科技项目“城市地下开挖扰动下地表沉陷机理和工程安全性评价研究”(2012-K3-21)、金川集团股份有限公司科技项目石英石矿露天边坡稳定性在线远程监测预警系统(B2-2012-092),对采动和爆破作用下多级边坡局部稳定性分析进行系统深入的研究。主要内容如下:第一,采用无线远程监测预警系统对长期采动和爆破作用下多级边坡内部位移进行实时监测,提取多级边坡的位移场,运用Matlab polyfit拟合函数自编程序,对位移监测数据分析,将边坡的位移场与边坡的破坏形态结合,对多级边坡局部破坏过程和破坏机理进行详细阐述,总结边坡的损害后果、破坏体特征、灾害区几何形态、发生动态过程。得出矿山开采扰动岩体的位移场动态演化过程及宏观表现特征,并探究矿山高边坡灾害活动和岩体环境的定性、关联性及灾害发生的主要影响因素,进一步对矿山多级边坡局部破坏进行定性分类及防治措施。第二,采用有限元RFPA强度折减法对多级边坡局部稳定性进行分析,在强度折减的同时融入了连续采动,从而克服了传统上模拟连续采动效应运用单独开采后进行强度折减方法的独立性,使得整个模拟过程贴近真实开采,模拟结果更加合理。第三,基于现场爆破开采监测数据分析,研究反复爆破动力作用下的岩体损伤累积。针对爆破震动波作用下多级边坡震动放大效应探讨,初次引入坡形效应对放大效应的影响,建立震动波作用下的震动位移公式,对爆破作用下破形放大效应定量分析,并结合现场数据进行验证。本文将理论研究与实际工程实践相结合,改善和发展了多级边坡局部损伤的灾变机理研究方法,结合破坏过程与破坏特征对多级边坡局部损伤进行定性分类,在贴近真实采矿过程的基础之上建模运用RFPA对局部损伤进行分析,深入研究了局部破坏的灾变过程和灾变机理,并进一步与实时监测变化进行对比,从而验证整个理论推导过程的合理性。
[Abstract]:The perforated blasting mining production of open-pit mine, is the main way of open-pit mining. The impact load to produce concentrated blasting frequently, promote the rapid expansion of the original micro crack coalescence, and crack induced by a new breed, cause serious damage to the integrity of the surrounding rock structure. After blasting rock continuous mining and with the unloading effect on rock slope of multistage local mining, to different locations within the domain of each unit body on the stress transfer, due to the original balance system is damaged, then the rock mass displacement and deformation. At present, the blasting, mining under unloading partial slope failure mechanism and prevention and control technology is widely the Study on catastrophic damage mechanism of less common action of mining and blasting, and mining and blasting local failure mechanism and failure process of multistage slope is still unclear, so Still need to study systematically the failure mechanism of the interaction of mining and blasting under multistage slope failure process. Mining unloading effect is a long process of evolution, and the blasting process is temporary, the impact, how to choose the object of study on mining and blasting under the synergistic effect of local damage on multistage slope the key to the problem. Based on the research object, how to develop the multi-level slope limit condition of stability of partial loss of multi-stage slope prediction has important significance. In view of the above problems, characteristics of roof disaster mine and mechanical mechanism combined with the national natural fund project "(51234005-01), Ministry of housing and urban rural construction projects" the city underground excavation study on the mechanism and engineering safety evaluation of surface subsidence "(2012-K3-21), Jinchuan science and technology project group Limited by Share Ltd quartz stone ore open pit slope stability Qualitative online remote monitoring and warning system (B2-2012-092), on the local stability of slope under blasting and multistage dynamic analysis are studied thoroughly. The main contents are as follows: first, the wireless remote monitoring and warning system for real-time monitoring of the long-term mining and blasting multistage slope internal displacement, the displacement field of the slope of the multistage extraction, application Matlab polyfit fitting function program, analysis of the displacement monitoring data, combining the displacement field and failure form of slope, the multistage partial slope failure process and failure mechanism were summarized in detail, the slope of the consequences of the damage, damage characteristics, disaster area geometry, dynamic process. The dynamic displacement field of mining rock mass evolution and macroscopic features, and qualitative inquiry of mine high slope disaster activity and rock environment, correlation and disaster The main factors affecting students, further to the mine slope multistage local damage qualitative classification and prevention measures. Second, local stability of multi slope is analyzed by finite element strength reduction of RFPA, while the strength reduction into continuous mining, which overcomes the traditional simulation of continuous mining effect after using separate mining the independence of the strength reduction method, which makes the whole process simulation of real mining, the simulated results are more reasonable. Third, analysis based on the monitoring data of blasting mining, rock damage accumulation of repeated blasting dynamic load. According to the seismic amplification effect of wave of multistage Slope Blasting Vibration, first introduced slope effect on amplification effect the establishment of vibration displacement formula of wave under the action of blasting under the broken shape amplification effect of quantitative analysis, and combined with field data Verified. In this paper, theoretical research and engineering practice, the improvement and development of the disaster mechanism research method of local damage multistage slope, combined with the failure process and failure characteristics of the qualitative classification of local damage based on multistage slope, close to the real mining process on the use of RFPA modeling to local damage analysis, in-depth study of the disaster the process and mechanism of local disaster damage, and compared with the real-time monitoring of the change further, to verify the rationality of the theoretical derivation.

【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD235

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