黑岱沟露天煤矿排土场不同植被复垦土壤酶活性及理化性质研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 05:03

  本文选题：黑岱沟露天煤矿　切入点：植被恢复方式　出处：《环境科学》2016年03期

【摘要】：以黑岱沟露天煤矿排土场不同植被恢复方式下复垦土壤为研究对象,主要分析了沙棘、紫穗槐、杨树和沙棘杨树混交林以及玉米这5种人工植被下土壤的基本理化性质和蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶这3种水解酶的活性,并通过简单相关分析和通径分析研究了土壤基本理化性质与酶活性之间的相关关系,揭示了不同植被恢复下土壤酶活性差异的驱动因子,为该区复垦植物的选择及复垦效果评价提供科学合理的建议与参考.结果表明:15种人工植被恢复下排土场土壤基本理化性质得到改善,土壤酶活性有一定提高,但仍未达到天然草地的水平;2沙棘的有机碳和全氮含量最接近草地,达到草地的54.22%和70.00%,且其容重比最大容重紫穗槐的低17.09%,表现出复垦优势;与沙棘林相比,杨树林的土壤有机碳和全氮比沙棘分别低35.64%和32.14%,容重比沙棘林高16.79%;3不同植被间土壤碱性磷酸酶活性差异不大,而土壤脲酶活性能更敏感地反映不同植被恢复对土壤性质的影响.4排土场复垦土壤有机碳和全氮含量的提高,是排土场肥力恢复和生物活性提高的主要原因.
[Abstract]:The reclaimed soil of Heidaigou opencast coal mine under different vegetation restoration methods was used as the research object, the seabuckthorn and Amorpha fruticosa were analyzed. The basic physical and chemical properties of soil and the activities of sucrase, urease and alkaline phosphatase in poplar and Hippophae rhamnoides mixed forest and maize were studied. The correlation between soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity was studied by means of simple correlation analysis and path analysis, and the driving factors of soil enzyme activity difference under different vegetation restoration were revealed. Scientific and reasonable suggestions and references were provided for the selection of reclaimed plants and the evaluation of reclamation effect. The results showed that the basic physical and chemical properties of the dump soil were improved under the restoration of 15 kinds of artificial vegetation, and the soil enzyme activity was improved to some extent. However, the organic carbon and total nitrogen contents of Hippophae rhamnoides were not up to the natural grassland level, reaching 54.22% and 70.00% of the grassland, and the bulk density was 17.09 lower than that of the largest bulk weight of Amorpha fruticosa, which showed the advantage of reclamation, compared with the Hippophae rhamnoides forest. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen of poplar forest were 35.64% and 32.14% lower than that of Hippophae rhamnoides, respectively. The soil alkaline phosphatase activity of poplar forest was 16.79% higher than that of Hippophae rhamnoides forest. But the soil urease activity can more sensitively reflect the influence of different vegetation restoration on soil properties. The increase of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content in dump reclamation is the main reason for fertility restoration and biological activity improvement.
【作者单位】： 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院;西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;
【基金】：中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-13) 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2011JM5011) 教育部新世纪优秀人才计划项目(NCET-2-0479)
【分类号】：TD88;X144
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本文编号：1698881