水平缆地震数据的鬼波压制方法及其应用

发布时间：2018-04-02 09:47

本文选题：鬼波压制　切入点：水平缆　出处：《地球物理学进展》2017年04期

【摘要】：在海洋地震勘探中,鬼波不仅对一次反射波的波形产生干涉现象,而且使地震记录的频带变窄.虽然近几年发展起来的斜缆、上下缆地震采集系统和相应的鬼波压制方法已取得较好的效果.然而对于老数据的重处理以及目前依然广泛采用的水平缆,需要一种更适合的鬼波压制方法.本文开展了τ-p域压制水平缆鬼波的方法研究.首先,本文分析了水平缆数据鬼波特征,推导了时间域和τ-p域的鬼波延时估算公式,在τ-p域内构建了上、下行波的算子,提出了基于τ-p域平面波分解的水平缆鬼波压制算法,并通过引入Cauchy范数能量约束算子提高算法的稳定性.应用数值模型及海上实际地震数据进行了检波点端的鬼波压制试验.结果表明,该方法在不需要射线垂直入射的假设和介质速度模型的前提下,能有效分离出一次反射波,并拓宽地震数据的有效频带.
[Abstract]:In marine seismic exploration, ghost waves not only interfere with the waveform of the first reflected wave, but also narrow the frequency band of seismic records. The upper and lower cable seismic acquisition system and the corresponding ghost wave suppression method have achieved good results. However, for the old data reprocessing and the horizontal cable, which is still widely used at present, A more suitable method of ghost wave suppression is needed. In this paper, the method of suppressing ghost wave in 蟿 -p domain is studied. Firstly, the characteristics of ghost wave in horizontal cable data are analyzed, and the estimation formulas of ghost wave delay in time domain and 蟿 -p domain are derived. The up-and-down wave operators in 蟿 -p domain are constructed, and a horizontal cable ghost wave suppression algorithm based on plane wave decomposition in 蟿 -p domain is proposed. The stability of the algorithm is improved by introducing the Cauchy norm energy constraint operator. The ghost wave suppression test at the detection point is carried out by using the numerical model and the actual seismic data at sea. The results show that, This method can effectively separate the primary reflection wave and widen the effective frequency band of the seismic data without the assumption of the vertical incidence of ray and the medium velocity model.
【作者单位】：国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室广州海洋地质调查局;
【基金】：国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室开放基金(KLMMR-2014-A-03) 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41176056)联合资助
【分类号】：P631.46

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