东天山—北山地区花岗岩体遥感识别方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 11:03

本文选题：花岗岩　切入点：实测光谱　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：花岗岩类的遥感岩性识别研究一直是重点和难点问题。东天山—北山地区发育很多花岗岩体,区域内有多个金属矿集区,是开展花岗岩体遥感识别的理想区域。论文以“西部重点成矿区带高分遥感地质矿产调查技术研发与应用示范”项目为依托,开展了通过World View-2与ASTER多光谱数据协同应用,对东天山—北山地区两块典型的花岗岩体识别方法进行研究。论文在深入分析研究区实测岩石的光谱特征曲线的基础上,开展了基于光谱特征差异增强和基于纹理特征差异增强的试验研究。在岩性增强的基础上,对研究区进行遥感岩性解译。经过野外实地验证,论文中岩性解译结果与实地基本相符。论文不仅为该区域其它花岗岩体识别与提取的工作提供了参考,而且为进一步的成矿带矿产资源遥感地质调查等工作提供了可靠性数据,具有一定的现实意义。论文取得的研究成果如下:(1)在分析研究区花岗岩体特定矿物和岩石的光谱曲线特征及影响因素的基础上,得出不同岩性的波谱特征差异,为后续识别方法研究提供理论基础:整个岩体岩性光谱曲线整体差异不大。钾长石花岗岩含有大量黑云母,出现镁羟基在2.35um强吸收,导致ASTER第8波段强吸收。二长花岗岩由于白云母含量多,铝羟基在2.2um处强吸收,使第6波段强吸收。斜长花岗岩随波长增强反射率增加,在6、8波段双吸收。(2)根据不同岩性提出了基于ASTER数据的光谱信息增强方法,基于World View-2数据纹理信息增强的方法和基于两者的协同应用的增强方法。(3)根据以上增强方法,对康古尔塔格研究区进行岩性解译,与已有地质资料对比,不仅修正了岩性界线,同时细化了岩性,并且解译褶皱构造,为成矿分析和地质构造提供了依据。(4)将康古尔塔格研究区的研究成果应用于明水地区,能很好的识别出特定的岩性。可以推广到区域内,周边所有花岗岩体的识别工作中来,大大减少调查工作。
[Abstract]:The study of remote sensing lithology identification of granites has been an important and difficult problem.There are many granitic bodies in the East Tianshan-Beishan area, and there are many metal ore concentration areas in the area, which is an ideal area for the remote sensing identification of the granites.Based on the project of "R & D and Application demonstration of High-score remote Sensing Geological and Mineral Survey Technology in West China's key metallogenic zones", the paper develops the cooperative application of multi-spectral data through World View-2 and ASTER.Two typical granites in East Tianshan-Beishan area are studied.On the basis of deep analysis of the spectral characteristic curves of rock measured in the study area, the experimental research based on spectral feature difference enhancement and texture feature difference enhancement is carried out in this paper.Based on the enhancement of lithology, remote sensing lithology interpretation was carried out in the study area.After field verification, the lithologic interpretation results in the paper are basically consistent with the field results.This paper not only provides a reference for the identification and extraction of other granite bodies in this region, but also provides reliable data for the further work of remote sensing geological survey of mineral resources in metallogenic belt, which is of certain practical significance.The research results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) on the basis of analyzing the spectral curve characteristics and influencing factors of specific minerals and rocks of granite body in the study area, the differences of spectral characteristics of different lithology are obtained.It provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the identification method: the whole spectrum curve of rock mass lithology has little difference.Potassium feldspar granite contains a large amount of biotite, and magnesium hydroxyl groups are strongly absorbed in 2.35um, which leads to strong absorption in band 8 of ASTER.Because of the high content of Muscovite and the strong absorption of aluminum hydroxyl at 2.2um, the bifeldspar granite has strong absorption in the 6th band.The spectral information enhancement method based on ASTER data is proposed according to different lithology.The method of texture information enhancement based on World View-2 data and the enhancement method based on the cooperative application of the two methods. (3) according to the above enhancement methods, the lithologic interpretation of the Kangguertag study area is carried out, and compared with the existing geological data, not only the lithologic boundary is corrected,At the same time, the lithology is refined, and fold structure is interpreted, which provides the basis for metallogenic analysis and geological structure. The research results of Kangguertag research area are applied to Mingshui area, which can identify the specific lithology well.It can be extended to the identification of all granitic bodies in the region and greatly reduces the investigation work.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P588.121;P627;P618.2

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