阳离子捕收剂对煤系高岭岩的浮选规律研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 08:41

本文选题：阳离子捕收剂　切入点：煤系高岭岩　出处：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤系高岭岩(土)是指在煤系地层中,以高岭石为主要矿物成分的高岭石粘土岩,是一种宝贵的自然资源,储量丰富,开发后可用于建筑、印染、塑料、化工电子、农业及耐火材料等行业。然而我国大部分煤系高岭岩被视为尾矿直接废弃,数量巨大,既污染环境又浪费资源。本论文采用阳离子捕收剂对煤系高岭石的浮选分离进行了研究。以大同塔山煤矿煤系高岭岩为研究对象,采用化学成分分析、X-射线衍射分析、热重分析等分析手段对塔山煤系高岭岩进行工艺矿物学分析。所选矿样的主要矿物为高岭石,还含有铁矿物、钛矿物和硅、碳等杂质。采用十二胺盐酸盐(DAH)和十二胺聚氧乙烯醚(AC1201)两种阳离子药剂为捕收剂,对煤系高岭岩及石英的浮选规律进行研究。采用化学成分分析、X-射线衍射分析、Zeta电位分析、红外光谱分析和分子动力学模拟方法,研究了阳离子捕收剂与矿物表面的作用机理。主要研究工作及取得结果如下:单矿物石英和高岭石的浮选试验表明:DAH和AC1201对高岭石和石英的浮选能力不同。中性条件下,对于高岭石,药剂用量≤750g/t时,捕收性能AC1201DAH,药剂用量≥1000g/t时,捕收性能DAHAC1201;对石英的捕收性能始终为AC1201DAH。Zeta电位分析表明,两种阳离子捕收剂均使高岭石的等电点向正方向移动;红外光谱分析表明,两种药剂在高岭石矿物表面均为物理吸附,且AC1201的吸附能力较强。强酸性条件下,两种药剂对纯矿物的浮选能力高岭石石英;弱酸性和中性环境下,两种药剂对高岭石和石英的浮选能力均较高;碱性环境下,两种药剂对纯矿物的捕收能力石英高岭石。所以可以通过调整矿浆的pH值来实现高岭石和石英的分离。混合矿物浮选分离试验表明:只改变DAH和AC1201的药剂用量无法有效分离高岭石和石英;只调整矿浆pH值,在pH=2的强酸性环境下可以较好地正浮选分离出高岭石,其他环境下高岭石和石英的回收率虽有差别,但都无法有效分离两种矿物。尝试用六偏磷酸钠为抑制剂,抑制高岭石的上浮,进行反浮选除硅。中性条件下,添加六偏磷酸钠可以抑制石英,但对改善石英与高岭石浮选的选择性意义不大;酸性条件下,添加六偏磷酸钠可以很好的抑制石英,同时得到较高回收率的高岭石,且当p H=2,DAH用量为750g/t,六偏磷酸钠用量为2000g/t时,高岭石的回收率由未添加时的70.09%提高到77.16%,石英的回收率由未添加时的36.63%降低到27.33%,明显提高了泡沫产品-高岭石精矿的品位。在纯矿物浮选结果基础上对实际矿物进行分离。OP4与煤油复配药剂对原矿的除碳效果最好,药剂用量为1000g/t时,尾矿产物灰分从73%提高到78%。阳离子药剂用量为750g/t时,对ρ2.55g/cm3的矿物,pH=3时,两种药剂都是优先浮选高岭石,pH=10时优先浮选石英;对ρ2.55g/cm3的矿物则无法分离。但总体上分离效果不佳。采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了DAH和AC1201在高岭石表面的吸附过程,计算结果表明,AC1201与高岭石表面的结合能大于DAH,与浮选试验结果一致。
[Abstract]:Kaolin rock (soil) refers to the coal bearing strata, kaolinite with kaolinite as the main mineral composition, is a kind of precious natural resources, abundant reserves, development can be used for building, printing and dyeing, chemical plastics, electronics, agriculture and refractory industry. However, most of China's coal kaolinite was seen for the huge number of abandoned tailings, both environmental pollution and waste of resources. This paper adopts the cationic collector flotation agent for coal kaolinite was studied. In Tashan Coal Mine kaolinite as the research object, by chemical analysis, X- ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and other analysis methods of Tashan Coal Series Kaolinite the process mineralogy analysis. The main mineral samples selected for kaolinite, also contain iron minerals, mineral of titanium and silicon, carbon and other impurities. The twelve amine hydrochloride (DAH) and twelve amine polyoxyethylene ether (AC1201) two Cationic collector, study on flotation regularity of kaolinite and quartz. By chemical analysis, X- ray diffraction analysis, Zeta potential analysis, infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation method, studied the mechanism of cationic collector agent and mineral surface. The main research work and results are as follows: single mineral flotation tests show that quartz and kaolinite flotation ability of DAH and AC1201 on kaolinite and quartz. The neutral condition for kaolinite dosage is less than or equal to 750g/t when the collector dosage of AC1201DAH, more than 1000g/t, the collecting performance of quartz DAHAC1201; the collecting performance is always AC1201DAH.Zeta potential analysis shows that two kinds of cationic collectors are the kaolinite isoelectric point moves toward positive direction; infrared spectrum analysis showed that two kinds of chemicals in the kaolinite mineral surface was physical adsorption, and AC1 201 strong adsorption capacity. The condition of strong acid, two kinds of chemicals on pure mineral flotation ability of kaolinite quartz; weak acidic and neutral environment, the ability of two insecticides on the flotation of kaolinite and quartz are higher; alkaline environment, quartz kaolinite collecting ability of two insecticides on pure minerals. So can to realize the separation of kaolinite and quartz by adjusting pulp pH value. Show that the mixed mineral flotation separation test: only change the dosage of DAH and AC1201 can effectively separate kaolinite and quartz; only adjusting the pH value of the pulp, pH=2 in strong acidic environment can better flotation separating kaolinite, kaolinite and quartz under other environmental recovery although the difference in the rate, but are unable to effectively separate two kinds of minerals. Try to use six sodium metaphosphate as inhibitor, inhibited kaolinite floatability, anti flotation desilication. Under neutral conditions, adding six sodium metaphosphate Can inhibit quartz, but not for the selective flotation of quartz and kaolinite improve; acidic conditions, adding six sodium hexametaphosphate can inhibit quartz very well, at the same time get a higher recovery rate of kaolinite, and when p H=2, DAH dosage of 750g/t, six sodium metaphosphate dosage of 2000g/t, increase the recovery rate of kaolinite from 70.09% to 77.16% without added, quartz recovery rate decreased from 36.63% to 27.33% without added, significantly improve the foam product of kaolinite ore in the pure mineral flotation. Based on the result of actual mineral separation and.OP4 kerosene compound solution to ore carbon removal effect is best, dosage is 1000g/t the tailings ash products, increased from 73% to 78%. cation dosage is 750g/t, the P 2.55g/cm3 mineral, pH=3, two kinds of chemicals are the preferential flotation of kaolinite, pH=10 flotation of quartz; P 2.55g/cm3 The minerals cannot be separated. But the overall separation effect is not good. The adsorption process of DAH and AC1201 on kaolinite surface is studied by molecular dynamics simulation. The calculated results show that the binding energy of AC1201 to kaolinite surface is greater than DAH, which is consistent with the flotation test results.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD923.13;TD97

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