基于植被地下水关系的保水采煤研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 07:13

本文选题：榆神府矿区　切入点：保水采煤　出处：《煤炭学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：为研究我国西部生态脆弱矿区植被与地下水关系及其对煤层开采的约束,采用路线穿越法剖析了典型区植被随潜水埋深变化的演替规律,利用遥感获取煤层开大规模采前(2000年)植被指数,并与同期地下水位埋深建立了统计关系。结果表明:研究区天然状态下植被随地下水位埋深的增加呈现明显的分带特征,潜水埋深0~4.0 m时植被对地下水依赖性较强;综合考虑水文地质条件和植被与地下水关系,榆神矿区可划分为植被约束区、地下水约束区和无约束区3个区;矿区开采15 a后,2014年矿区地下水位明显下降和植被盖度普遍升高现象并存,这与煤炭资源高强度开采区集中在无约束区有关。生态脆弱矿区井田规划和煤层开采必须重视植被和地下水约束研究,因地制宜地制定保水采煤技术预案。
[Abstract]:In order to study the relationship between vegetation and groundwater in ecologically fragile mining areas in western China and their constraints on coal seam mining, the succession law of vegetation with the variation of groundwater depth in typical areas was analyzed by route crossing method.The vegetation index before large-scale mining (2000) was obtained by remote sensing, and a statistical relationship was established between the vegetation index and the buried depth of groundwater level in the same period.The results show that the vegetation in the study area shows obvious zonation characteristics with the increase of groundwater table depth, and the vegetation is strongly dependent on groundwater when the groundwater depth is 0 ~ 4.0 m, and the hydrogeological conditions and the relationship between vegetation and groundwater are considered synthetically.Yushen mining area can be divided into three areas: vegetation confined area, groundwater confined area and unconstrained area, and the underground water level obviously decreased and vegetation coverage increased in 2014 after mining for 15 years.This is related to the concentration of high-intensity mining areas in unconstrained areas of coal resources.The study of vegetation and groundwater constraints must be paid attention to in the planning of mine fields and coal seam mining in ecologically fragile mining areas, and the technical preplans for coal mining with water conservation should be formulated according to local conditions.
【作者单位】：长安大学环境科学与工程学院;长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室;陕西省地质环境监测总站;国土资源部矿山地质灾害成灾机理与防控重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2013CB227901) 陕西省科学技术推广计划资助项目(2011TG-01)
【分类号】：Q948;TD823

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