早强速凝爆破封孔材料的实验研究与应用

发布时间：2018-04-05 22:30

本文选题：爆破　切入点：封孔材料　出处：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿山的巷道掘进和煤层增透多采用爆破方法,爆破孔的封孔效果是保证爆破效果的重要影响因素。目前,我国爆破作业常用的封孔材料多为黄泥、水泥浆液以及化学浆液等,这些材料都存在一定的局限性,难以满足爆破封孔实际要求。水泥封孔材料在瓦斯抽采孔中应用范围较广,但是在爆破封孔中存在着凝结硬化时间长,流动性差、早期强和抗冲击性能低等问题,本文进行优化处理,使其与爆破作业具有更好的适宜性,可以显著改善爆破封孔技术,提高井下爆破效率和效果,具有很强的现实意义。本文以井下爆破封孔为背景,以水泥与外加剂材料为基础,通过实验室制备的方法,采用常用的水泥外加剂进行单因素试验测定合适的使用量范围,再进行外加剂与水泥的复配全面试验,通过维卡仪、压力试验机等测试手段研究了不同配比组分材料的凝结时间,早期抗压强度和早期流动性能以及影响关系,综合分析得出适宜爆破封孔的早强速凝爆破封孔材料的配比。为了研究早强速凝爆破封孔材料中各外加剂对水泥水化进程、水化产物以及微观结构的影响作用,实验通过X射线衍射仪、热重分析仪、扫描电镜等技术手段分析。实验得出铝酸钠对水泥水化具有较好的促进作用,氯化钙促进了水泥水化钙矾石的生成,提高了材料的强度,三乙醇胺具有较好的络合作用,与水泥浆液中金属离子形成较为稳定的络离子,加速水化作用,为外加剂的水化机理研究提供实验参考。为了研究早强速凝爆破封孔材料在爆破工程中动态载荷下力学性能,借助万能压力试验机和霍普金森压杆实验系统,对材料的静态抗压强度、动态抗压强度以及动态放大系数进行分析,得出随着材料龄期的增长,抗压强度呈对数函数上升,而动态放大系数成三次函数衰减。通过早强速凝爆破封孔材料的现场试验,得出相比普通封孔材料,具有早期强度高,凝结时间快,抗冲击性能好等优点,提高了爆破作业的安全性,缩短了爆破封孔等待时间,提高了爆破效率。
[Abstract]:Mine roadway and coal seam permeability by blasting method, the sealing effect of blasting hole is to ensure that the important factors affecting blasting effect. At present, China's blasting hole sealing material used for clay, cement grout and chemical grout, these materials have some limitations, it is difficult to meet the blasting hole sealing the actual requirements. The cement sealing material in gas drainage hole in the wide application range, but in the blasting hole sealing in the setting and hardening time, poor mobility, and the problem of early strong impact resistance low, the optimization process, so it has better suitability and blasting operation, can significantly improve the blasting the sealing technology, improve the blasting efficiency and effect, has a strong practical significance. Based on the background of the mine blasting hole sealing material in cement and admixture as the foundation, through the method of laboratory preparation, commonly used The amount of cement admixture were measured using the suitable range of single factor test, then the additive and cement compound comprehensive test instrument, through VEKA, means of testing pressure test machine on the setting time of different ratio of constituent materials, compressive strength and early flow properties and influence, comprehensive analysis for blasting hole sealing early strength and quick setting blasting hole sealing material ratio. In order to study the early strength admixture and quick setting blasting hole sealing material in the cement hydration process, hydration products and microstructure changes, through the experiment of X ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope. The experiment with sodium aluminate to investigate the effects of hydration of cement, calcium chloride promoted the formation of ettringite in cement hydration, improve the strength of materials, triethanolamine has good complexation, and cement slurry The metal ions in complex ion formation is relatively stable, accelerate the hydration effect, to provide experimental reference for the study of hydration mechanism. In order to study the early strength of quick setting blasting hole sealing material in blasting engineering mechanical properties under dynamic load, by means of experimental system of universal pressure testing machine and Hopkinson pressure bar, the static compressive strength of materials analysis, the dynamic compressive strength and dynamic magnification coefficient, obtained with the material age, the compressive strength of logarithmic rise and dynamic amplification coefficient cubic function attenuation. Through field test of early strength and quick setting blasting hole sealing material, that compared to ordinary sealing materials, has high early strength, fast setting time the advantages, good anti impact performance, improve the safety of blasting operation, shorten the waiting time of blasting hole sealing, improve the blasting efficiency.

【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD235;TD712.6

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