高陡层状岩质边坡变形规律相似模拟试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 00:01

本文选题：顺层岩质边坡　切入点：相似材料配比　出处：《昆明理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国经济建设快速发展的过程当中,作为不可再生资源的矿产资源越来越难以满足需求,露天开采矿产资源的开采规模不断变大、开采强度不断增加,因此,高陡边坡稳定性将成为大型露天矿山所必须面临的首要问题。诸多工程实例表明,高陡边坡中具有层状结构岩体的边坡最容易发生失稳破坏,且危害巨大。对层状岩质边坡展开深入全面的研究,掌握其变形规律和破坏模式,了解对其稳定性产生影响的各种因素,以此来确保层状高陡边坡的安全可靠。本文以昆钢集团小河边铁矿为研究背景,运用相似模拟试验方法和突变理论分析对高陡顺层岩质边坡进行研究,主要研究内容如下：(1)结合国内外边坡稳定性分析发展历程及现状、分析计算方法和层状岩质边坡稳定性研究的现状及成果,对其稳定性影响的内外在因素进行总结分析,深入研究层状边坡的失稳破坏机理及破坏模式,全面掌握研究对象特征,提出合理处治对策。(2)首先基于相似原理,推导相似准则,结合研究对象工程特征及试验条件,选取合理相似常数并确定试验各项参数；其次进行相似材料的选取与配比,在满足重度、抗压强度、弹模、泊松比四个主要物理力学参数与原型的相似性基础上,确定最优配比方案；最后采用分层填筑夯实的方法填筑模型,布置观测点,进行试验,观测模型变形规律。(3)运用液压伺服加载系统,采用坡顶施加荷载替代上部岩体的方法,经过相似换算得出替代岩体相对应的荷载值,对开挖完成的边坡施加荷载,模拟研究边坡高度增加后的变形规律,实现小模型上模拟高边坡的目的,得到了高陡顺层岩质边坡滑移-弯曲失稳破坏模式。(4)分析高陡顺层岩质边坡发生滑移-弯曲破坏的受力机制,对顺层边坡变形的非线性特性,采用尖点突变理论,建立顺层边坡系统的尖点突变模型,再现了岩层轴向推力与自重应力渐变导致边坡系统状态突变的灾变过程。
[Abstract]:In the process of rapid economic development in China, mineral resources, as non-renewable resources, are becoming more and more difficult to meet the demand. The mining scale of open-pit mining mineral resources is becoming larger and larger, and the mining intensity is increasing.The stability of high-steep slope will become the most important problem in large-scale open-pit mines.Many engineering examples show that the slope with layered rock mass is the most vulnerable to instability and damage.In order to ensure the safety and reliability of stratified high and steep slope, a thorough and comprehensive study is carried out on the stratified rock slope, its deformation law and failure mode are grasped, and various factors that affect its stability are understood in order to ensure the safety and reliability of the stratified high and steep slope.In this paper, taking Xiaohebian Iron Mine of Kunming Iron and Steel Group Group as the research background, similar simulation test method and catastrophe theory are used to study the rock slope of high and steep bedding.The main research contents are as follows: (1) combined with the development history and present situation of slope stability analysis at home and abroad, the present situation and achievements of the research on the stability of layered rock slope are analyzed, and the internal and external factors affecting its stability are summarized and analyzed.In this paper, the failure mechanism and failure mode of layered slope are deeply studied, and the characteristics of the research object are comprehensively grasped, and the reasonable treatment countermeasures are put forward. Firstly, based on the similarity principle, the similarity criterion is deduced, combined with the engineering characteristics of the research object and the test conditions.The reasonable similarity constant is selected and the parameters of the test are determined. Secondly, the selection and proportion of the similar material are carried out, on the basis of satisfying the similarity of the four main physical and mechanical parameters, namely, the degree of gravity, the compressive strength, the modulus of elasticity, the Poisson's ratio, and the prototype.Finally, the method of tiered filling tamping is used to fill the model, arrange observation points, conduct experiments, observe the deformation law of the model, and use hydraulic servo loading system to replace the upper rock mass with the load applied by the top of the slope.Through the similarity conversion, the corresponding load value of the replacement rock mass is obtained, the load is applied to the slope completed by excavation, the deformation law of the slope height is simulated and studied, and the purpose of simulating the high slope in the small model is realized.In this paper, the failure mode of slippage and bending instability of high steep bedding rock slope is obtained. The stress mechanism of sliding bending failure of high steep bedding rock slope is analyzed. The cusp catastrophe theory is used to analyze the nonlinear characteristics of bedding slope deformation.The cusp catastrophe model of bedding slope system is established, and the catastrophic process of slope system state catastrophe caused by axial thrust and gravity stress gradual change of rock stratum is reappeared.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD854.6

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