滚筒采煤机导向滑靴耐磨性和强度的分析与研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 20:29

  本文选题：导向滑靴　切入点：耐磨材料　出处：《煤炭科学研究总院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：导向滑靴是采煤机上重要的零部件,在采煤机上起到了支撑和导向的作用,其正常与否,直接影响着采煤机的正常运行。在实际的井下作业时,由于环境的恶劣多变,使得采煤机导向滑靴不断受到冲击载荷的作用,并且导向滑靴的导向面与导轨的接触面之间是无油干摩擦状态,因此导向滑靴磨损严重,需要经常检修或者直接更换新的导向滑靴,不仅降低了采煤机的使用寿命,更加降低了采煤效率。所以对导向滑靴的强度和耐磨性的分析是非常有必要的。本文通过静力学理论,对采煤机的整机进行了力学分析,求解出导向滑靴的受力情况;并运用此受力,通过有限元仿真软件对导向滑靴进行了接触应力、摩擦应力以及摩擦状态的仿真,并对导向滑靴的强度进行了校核;实际生产中,导向滑靴的导向面由于摩擦,会产生一定的高温。由于采煤机在作业时推进速度较低,故导向滑靴的散热方式主要以热传导和自然对流换热为主。结合传热学理论知识,解算出适合采煤机井下作业时的对流换热系数,运用有限元仿真软件的温度仿真模块,对导向滑靴工作时的温度场进行了仿真;理论分析了采煤机的磨损机理,并通过模型计算出导向滑靴堆焊层的厚度范围,选取三种常见的导向滑靴堆焊材料进行了摩擦磨损实验。本文通过以上的分析,得出如下结论:(1)不同工况条件,采煤机整机的受力各不相同,其中采煤机导向滑靴的受力主要受煤层倾角及采煤机仰俯采角影响,且煤层倾角对采煤机整机受力的影响最为显著。(2)导向滑靴在运行中会受到较大的等效应力和接触应力。由于有较大的接触应力,导向滑靴在工作中与销轨有一定的粘连,会在接触面上形成剥落,从而加速了导向滑靴耐磨层的磨损。(3)采煤机工作时,导向滑靴的温度场复杂,极端工况下会产生近150℃的高温,使导向滑靴材料的内部组织发生相变,从而降低材料的硬度,使耐磨性降低,加速了导向滑靴的磨损。(4)导向滑靴耐磨层磨损机理为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损,温度和压力对导向滑靴耐磨层的耐磨性影响很大,通过耐磨性实验,当选用D、E作为导向滑靴耐磨材料时,采煤机在运行150～200公里时,可考虑对导向滑靴进行检修。
[Abstract]:Guide slipper is an important part of shearer, which plays a supporting and guiding role in shearer. Its normal or not directly affects the normal operation of shearer.In the actual downhole operation, because of the harsh and changeable environment, the shearer's guide slipper is continuously subjected to the impact load, and there is no oil dry friction between the guide surface of the guide shoe and the contact surface of the guide rail.Therefore, the wear of the guide slipper is serious, it needs to be overhauled or replaced directly, which not only reduces the service life of the shearer, but also reduces the coal mining efficiency.Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the strength and wear resistance of the guide skates.In this paper, the mechanical analysis of the whole shearer is carried out by statics theory, and the stress of the guide slide shoe is solved, and the contact stress of the guide slide shoe is carried out by using the finite element simulation software.The friction stress and friction state are simulated, and the strength of the guide slipper is checked. In actual production, the guide surface of the guide shoe will produce a certain high temperature because of friction.Because of the low speed of the shearer in operation, the heat transfer mode of the guide slipper is mainly heat conduction and natural convection heat transfer.Combined with the knowledge of heat transfer theory, the convection heat transfer coefficient suitable for underground operation of shearer is solved. The temperature field of guide slipper is simulated by using the temperature simulation module of finite element simulation software.The wear mechanism of the shearer is analyzed theoretically, and the thickness range of the surfacing layer of the guide slipper is calculated by the model. The friction and wear experiments are carried out by selecting three kinds of common materials for the guide slipper surfacing welding.Based on the above analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) under different working conditions, the force of shearer's whole machine is different, and the force of shearer's guide slipper is mainly affected by the inclined angle of coal seam and the upside-down angle of shearer.Moreover, the influence of coal seam inclination angle on the force of shearer is the most obvious. (2) the guide slipper will be subjected to larger equivalent stress and contact stress in operation.Because of the large contact stress, the guide slipper has a certain adhesion with the pin rail in the work, which will form spalling on the contact surface, thus accelerating the wear of the wear-resistant layer of the guide slipper. 3) when the shearer is working, the temperature field of the guide slide shoe is complex.Under extreme conditions, high temperatures of nearly 150 鈩，

本文编号：1718803