藏中矿区先锋植物重金属积累特征及耐性研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 14:58

本文选题：藏中矿区　切入点：先锋植物　出处：《草地学报》2016年03期

【摘要】：西藏中部矿区重金属污染严重,在矿区废弃地的先锋植物中筛选和研究适合当地气候与土壤条件的重金属耐性植物,是藏中矿区植被恢复和污染土壤修复的前提。本研究采用野外调查取样,并结合室内分析测试来进行。对矿区尾矿库生长的6种先锋植物及其土壤重金属含量进行测定分析,结果表明:拉屋矿区尾矿库重金属污染严重,并且土壤受到Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd元素的复合污染;6种先锋植物均能适应矿区土壤重金属元素较高的环境,对重金属具有一定的耐性;6种植物对重金属的吸收表现出3种特征:尼泊尔酸模(Rumex nepalensis)和紫羊茅(Festuca rubra)属于富集型植物;高山嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea)、高原荨麻(Urtica hyperborea)、珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)属于根部囤积型植物;垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)属于重金属规避型植物;在复合污染条件下,尼泊尔酸模对Zn的吸收超过1000mg·kg-1,高原荨麻对Cd的吸收超过50mg·kg-1,高原荨麻和尼泊尔酸模具备超富集植物的特征和潜能,对尾矿库区重金属污染有较强的耐性,可作为治理该地区污染环境的修复材料。
[Abstract]:Heavy metal pollution is serious in the mining area of central Tibet. Screening and studying heavy metal tolerant plants suitable for local climate and soil conditions in the pioneer plants in mining wasteland is the premise of vegetation restoration and remediation of contaminated soil in mining areas in Tibet.This study was carried out by field survey and indoor analysis.The contents of heavy metals in six vanguard plants and their soils were determined and analyzed. The results showed that the heavy metal pollution of tailings pool was serious in Lawu mining area.Moreover, six pioneer plants, which were polluted by Zn, Cu, Pb, CD, could adapt to the environment with higher heavy metal elements in the soil of the mining area.The absorption of heavy metals by six species of plants showed three characteristics: Rumex nepalensis) and Festuca rubra were enriched plants.Kobresia pygmaeaer, Urtica hyperboreaer, Polygonum viviparum) belong to the root hoarding plant, Euphorbia nutansa belongs to heavy metal evading type, and under the condition of complex pollution, it belongs to the type of heavy metal evading plant.The absorption of Zn by Nepalese acid model exceeded that of 1000mg kg-1, and the absorption of CD by urticaria was higher than that of 50mg kg-1.The plants of highland urticaria and Nepalese acid had the characteristics and potential of super-enrichment, and they had strong tolerance to heavy metal pollution in tailings reservoir area.The utility model can be used as a remediation material for environmental pollution in this area.
【作者单位】：西藏大学农牧学院;
【基金】：国家自然基金(31160312)(31560142)资助
【分类号】：X173;X751

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