高效混合优化剩余静校正方法研究及实现

发布时间：2018-04-08 19:09

本文选题：剩余静校正　切入点：模拟退火算法　出处：《电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：地震勘探是获取地质构造和地下油气分布信息的主要方法,剩余静校正处理对提高地震剖面的质量和地震资料的后续处理十分关键。本文围绕地震资料的剩余静校正问题,从剩余静校正的理论及其假设条件和非线性特点出发,重点研究了模拟退火算法和遗传算法,以及其在剩余静校正问题中的应用,结合最大能量法,形成了一种求解剩余静校正问题的混合优化算法。主要研究内容如下:(1)研究了地震数据静校正的基本理论,包括剩余静校正的假设条件和非线性特点,说明剩余静校正问题是一个大规模、多参数、多极值的非线性最优化问题。针对剩余静校正问题的非线性特点,研究了模拟退火算法和遗传算法两种非线性优化方法的理论基础,包括模拟退火算法和遗传算法的基本原理,算法流程以及特点;(2)研究了求解剩余静校正问题的目标函数、模型道构建。针对地震资料数据量庞大的问题,设计了MPI-OpenMP并行处理框架,以提高算法的求解速度;(3)实现了最大能量法剩余静校正,重点研究了求解剩余静校正问题时,模拟退火算法、遗传算法的参数选取,实现了模拟退火算法和遗传算法求解剩余静校正的步骤。通过理论模型数据和实际地震资料数据,对三种方法的校正效果进行了测试,取得了较好的校正效果,但是仍然存在边缘部分同向轴不连续、出现假的同向轴构造等问题;(4)针对单独算法求解剩余静校正问题时存在的不足,结合各个算法的特点,利用不同算法的优势,形成了混合优化方法,并在Linux环境下,基于QT平台,采用C语言开发了混合优化剩余静校正模块。通过对理论模型和实际地震资料的处理,取得了较好的校正效果,消除了单独算法的不足,验证了混合优化方法和软件模块的正确性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Seismic exploration is the main method to obtain information of geological structure and underground oil and gas distribution. Residual static correction is very important to improve the quality of seismic profile and the subsequent processing of seismic data.This paper focuses on the residual static correction problem of seismic data. Based on the theory of residual static correction and its hypothetical conditions and nonlinear characteristics, the simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm are studied, and their applications in residual static correction problems are also discussed.Combined with the maximum energy method, a hybrid optimization algorithm for residual static correction problem is developed.The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the basic theory of static correction of seismic data is studied, including the assumptions and nonlinear characteristics of residual static correction. It is shown that the residual static correction problem is a large-scale, multi-parameter, multi-extremum nonlinear optimization problem.According to the nonlinear characteristics of residual static correction problem, the theoretical basis of two nonlinear optimization methods, simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm, are studied, including the basic principles of simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm.In this paper, the objective function for solving residual static correction problem and model trace construction are studied.Aiming at the problem of large amount of seismic data, a MPI-OpenMP parallel processing framework is designed to improve the solution speed of the algorithm. The residual static correction of the maximum energy method is realized. The simulated annealing algorithm for solving the residual static correction problem is studied emphatically.The parameter selection of genetic algorithm realizes the steps of simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm to solve residual static correction.Based on the theoretical model data and the actual seismic data, the correction results of the three methods are tested, and good correction results are obtained, but the edge parts are still discontinuous in the coaxial direction.In view of the shortcomings of the single algorithm in solving the residual static correction problem, combining the characteristics of each algorithm and utilizing the advantages of different algorithms, a hybrid optimization method is formed under the Linux environment.Based on QT platform, a mixed optimization residual statics module is developed with C language.By processing the theoretical model and the actual seismic data, a good correction effect is obtained, the shortcomings of the single algorithm are eliminated, and the correctness and feasibility of the hybrid optimization method and the software module are verified.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4

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