古城矿地质环境效应评价

发布时间：2018-04-11 02:04

本文选题：古城矿山 + 地质环境　；参考：《河北工程大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是煤炭大国,煤炭资源的开发既促进了我国经济的快速发展,同时也为地质环境带来了挑战。早期由于环境保护意识的欠缺以及煤炭市场管理上的混乱,在煤炭资源的开采中存在着大量无序开采行为,地质环境因此而遭受到严重的破坏,同时也给人民的财产安全和生命安全带来了极大的威胁,这些都严重制约了国家的可持续发展。为了实现煤炭资源开发与地质环境保护的协调发展,新世纪以来,地质环境评估工作越来越受到重视。古城井田动工于2007年,拟建生产能力为10Mt/a的特大矿井,本文以古城矿为例进行了矿山地质环境效应评价。结合古城矿山地质环境的控制和影响因素以及主要矿山地质环境问题的类型和表现形式、危害性等建立了古城矿山地质环境评价指标体系,整个评价体系包括要素层和指标层两个层次。要素层,即地质灾害、含水层、地形地貌、土地资源。每一个要素又包含若干指标,地质灾害包括:地面塌陷,崩塌,滑坡,泥石流;含水层包括:含水层结构,涌水量,地下水;地形地貌包括:积水,坡度,植被破坏;土地资源包括:农、林、草地,荒地或未开发利用土地。采用层次分析法(AHP)对各个指标进行了权重的计算,然后以模糊综合评判的方法,对古城矿山地质环境进行了评价,评价认为古城矿山开采活动对地质环境的影响严重。然后又对其未来开采过程中对地质环境所造成的影响进行了预测。在矿山地质环境评价的基础上,根据存在的矿山地质环境问题,从地质灾害、含水层、地形地貌、土地资源四个方面提出矿山环境保护与治理措施建议,为实现矿产资源开发与地质环境保护协调发展提供了科学的依据。
[Abstract]:China is a big coal country. The exploitation of coal resources not only promotes the rapid development of our economy, but also brings challenges to the geological environment.Due to the lack of environmental protection consciousness and the confusion in the management of coal market, there were a lot of disorderly mining behaviors in the exploitation of coal resources, and the geological environment suffered serious damage as a result.At the same time, it also brings great threat to people's property safety and life safety, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of our country.In order to realize the coordinated development of coal resources exploitation and geological environment protection, more and more attention has been paid to geological environment assessment since the new century.The Gucheng mine field started construction in 2007, and it is planned to build a large mine with 10Mt/a production capacity. This paper takes Gucheng mine as an example to evaluate the geological environment effect of the mine.Combined with the control and influence factors of mine geological environment in ancient city as well as the types and forms of main mine geological environment problems, the evaluation index system of mine geological environment in ancient city was established.The whole evaluation system includes two levels: element level and index layer.Element layer, namely geological disaster, aquifer, landform, land resource.Each element also contains a number of indicators, geological hazards include: ground collapse, collapse, landslide, debris flow; aquifer including: aquifer structure, water discharge, groundwater; topography including: water, slope, vegetation destruction;Land resources include: agriculture, forest, grassland, wasteland or undeveloped land.The weight of each index is calculated by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and then the geological environment of the ancient city mine is evaluated by the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. It is concluded that the mining activity of the ancient city mine has a serious influence on the geological environment.Then, the influence of mining on geological environment in the future is predicted.On the basis of mine geological environment evaluation, according to the existing mine geological environment problems, the paper puts forward some suggestions for mine environment protection and treatment from four aspects: geological hazard, aquifer, topography and geomorphology, and land resources.It provides a scientific basis for the coordinated development of mineral resources exploitation and geological environment protection.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD167;X82

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