煤矿井下粉尘浓度检测技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 11:24

本文选题：粉尘浓度 + 在线检测　；参考：《天津科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤矿的安全生产是我国乃至世界都非常关注的问题,近几年各国关于煤矿安全生产的措施层出不穷,但是这些措施对煤矿井下的事故发生率控制并没有达到期望值。影响煤矿井下发生安全事故的因素非常多,其中最严重的是由于矿井粉尘浓度过高引发的煤矿爆炸,所以有效控制煤矿下粉尘浓度非常重要。本课题重点研究了粉尘浓度检测方法,根据煤矿井下粉尘颗粒的特点,选用非取样法中的光散射法作为粉尘浓度的测量方法。在理想情况下散射光的光强与粉尘的质量浓度成正比例关系,课题中将散射光强度转换成电信号,根据检测出的电信号得出粉尘浓度。由信号处理电路、数据采集电路、微控制电路、报警电路、串口电路、电源供电系统等构建出粉尘浓度检测装置的硬件系统。下位机系统核心部件选择的是低功耗PIC16F877芯片。利用C语言编写单片机程序,完成软件设计,控制整个装置正常工作,实时显示粉尘浓度并在浓度过高时发出报警信号。根据传感器输出信号的特点,采用两级放大电路,即调理放大电路、隔离放大电路构成信号处理电路,通过运算放大芯片OP27和AD8221共同完成;敏感部件选用的是夏普光学粉尘传感器GP2Y1010AU,经过外部激励后输出模拟信号,模拟信号通过高性能的AD7810进行转换,将输出数据传送给控制部件单片机进行数据处理并通过显示屏显示粉尘浓度。此外,PIC16F877板载资源中有一个有源蜂鸣器,当粉尘浓度值达到限定值时驱动蜂鸣器发出报警指示音。课题设计出的粉尘浓度检测装置通过实验证明能够完成如下功能:(1)实时在线检测煤矿井下粉尘浓度(2)粉尘浓度过高将会发出报警信号。该粉尘浓度检测装置对的测量误差非常小,达到了较好的测试效果。
[Abstract]:The safety of coal mine production is a very concerned problem in our country and even the world. In recent years, the measures of coal mine safety production have emerged in endlessly, but these measures have not reached the expected value to control the accident rate in underground coal mine.There are many factors that affect the safety accident in coal mine. The most serious one is mine explosion caused by high dust concentration, so it is very important to effectively control the dust concentration under coal mine.According to the characteristics of dust particles in coal mine, the light scattering method of non-sampling method is selected as the measurement method of dust concentration.Under ideal conditions, the intensity of scattered light is proportional to the mass concentration of dust. In this paper, the scattered light intensity is converted into electrical signal, and the dust concentration is obtained according to the detected electric signal.The hardware system of dust concentration detection device is constructed by signal processing circuit, data acquisition circuit, micro-control circuit, alarm circuit, serial port circuit, power supply system and so on.The core component of the lower computer system is a low power PIC16F877 chip.The program of single chip computer is written by C language, the software design is completed, the whole device is controlled to work normally, the dust concentration is displayed in real time and the alarm signal is sent out when the concentration is too high.According to the characteristics of the output signal of the sensor, the two-stage amplifier circuit is adopted, that is, the amplifying circuit is adjusted, and the signal processing circuit is composed of the isolated amplifier circuit, which is completed by the operation amplifier chip OP27 and AD8221.The sensitive component is the Sharp optical dust sensor GP2Y1010AU.After external excitation, the analog signal is output, and the analog signal is converted by high-performance AD7810.The output data is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer for data processing and the dust concentration is displayed through the display screen.In addition, there is an active buzzer in PIC16F877. When the dust concentration reaches the limited value, the buzzer is driven to issue an alarm sound.It is proved by experiments that the dust concentration detection device designed in this paper can accomplish the following functions: 1) On-line real-time on-line detection of dust concentration in coal mine and 2) if the dust concentration is too high, an alarm signal will be sent out.The measuring error of the dust concentration measuring device is very small and the result is good.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD714.3

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