基于声发射监测技术的自走铁矿采空区围岩失稳规律研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 15:08

本文选题：采空区围岩 + 声发射　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现在,国内许多老矿山都留下了大面积采空区,这些采空区由于应力集中、围岩风化、爆破采动等因素的影响,有些出现了冒顶、片帮甚至岩爆等地质灾害现象,严重影响了矿山的安全生产,是矿山最大的危险源之一。本文以鲁电矿业公司自走铁矿地压监测项目为背景,对1530中段、1580中段部分采空区围岩的失稳规律进行分析。论文撰写过程结合了现场调查、室内试验、数值模拟、理论计算、编程计算、理论分析等研究方法,发现了围岩失稳的部分规律,对以后矿山的工程监测、预测采空区围岩状态及失稳围岩的及时处理具有实际意义。综合全文,本文的主要工作内容及研究成果如下:1、对自走铁矿1530中段、1580中段采空区,特别是1530分层和1580分层,进行实地勘查、向矿山的师傅们咨询并搜集相关地质资料。同时掌握了关于声发射相关知识及声发射技术在岩石力学方面的应用,总结国内外研究现状,探讨了本文命题的研究意义。2、设计室内试验方案,进行灰岩单轴压缩声发射试验,对实验数据进行处理,然后对部分声发射参数进行了初步分析,为后面进行分形理论分析提供基础数据。3、利用FLAC3D对1530中段、1580中段的采空区进行模拟。模拟的过程中考虑到计算量的问题对采空区做了部分精简。计算结果有最大主应力分布、最小主应力分布、塑性区分布及位移云图;并对采空区围岩压力进行理论计算;根据以上这些计算结果作出分析,对声发射传感器布置位置进行优化。4、对实验及工程监测中搜集到的参数,主要是应力、振铃计数,利用matlab编制分形维数算法,计算出了相应时间序列的分形维数。并据此得出无论是室内的岩石试件还是工程中的岩体的破坏,总体来看都是一个降维的过程,分形维数在岩石破坏时降到最小值。这个连续降维过程就是岩石形成大破裂面的过程,就是岩体失稳破坏的过程。5、对实际工程中的监测数据利用分形模型进行分析,得到分形维值D=1.22作为该采空区围岩失稳的一个预警值。并应用该结论与现有软件结合对采空区围岩进行监测、分析和预警。
[Abstract]:At present, many old mines in China have left large areas of goaf. Due to the effects of stress concentration, weathering of surrounding rock, blasting and mining, some of these goaf areas have appeared geological disasters such as roof fall, slab cover and even rockburst.It seriously affects the safety of mine production and is one of the biggest dangerous sources of mine.Based on the monitoring project of ground pressure of Zetu Iron Mine of Ludian Mining Company, this paper analyzes the instability law of surrounding rock in the goaf of 1530 middle section of Xu1580.Combined with field investigation, laboratory test, numerical simulation, theoretical calculation, programming calculation, theoretical analysis and other research methods, some laws of surrounding rock instability are found, and the engineering monitoring of the mine is carried out in the future.It is of practical significance to predict the state of goaf surrounding rock and the timely treatment of unstable surrounding rock.Synthesizing the full text, the main contents and research results of this paper are as follows: 1. The goaf in the middle section of No. 1530 No. 1530 of Zoumao Iron Mine, especially the 1530 and 1580 layers, is investigated on the spot, and the teachers of the mine are consulted and the relevant geological data are collected.At the same time, it grasps the relevant knowledge of acoustic emission and the application of acoustic emission technology in rock mechanics, summarizes the present research situation at home and abroad, probes into the significance of the research of this thesis, the test scheme in the design room, and carries out the uniaxial compression acoustic emission test of limestone.The experimental data are processed, and some acoustic emission parameters are analyzed preliminarily, which provides basic data for fractal theory analysis. FLAC3D is used to simulate the goaf in the middle section of 1530 and 1580.In the process of simulation, the mined-out area is partially simplified considering the computational cost.The calculated results include the maximum principal stress distribution, the minimum principal stress distribution, the plastic zone distribution and the displacement cloud map, and the theoretical calculation of the surrounding rock pressure in the goaf.The location of acoustic emission sensor is optimized. The parameters collected in the experiment and engineering monitoring are mainly stress and ringing count. Fractal dimension algorithm is compiled by matlab and the fractal dimension of the corresponding time series is calculated.It is concluded that both the indoor rock specimen and the rock mass failure in engineering are a process of dimensionality reduction, and the fractal dimension is reduced to the minimum value when the rock is destroyed.This continuous dimensionality reduction process is the process of rock formation of large fracture surface, that is, rock mass instability and failure process .5. the monitoring data in actual engineering are analyzed by using fractal model.The fractal dimension DX 1.22 is obtained as an early warning value for the instability of surrounding rock in the goaf.The conclusion is combined with the existing software to monitor, analyze and warn the surrounding rock in goaf.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD325

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