基于高精度定位和实时数据的铅锌矿井下风险动态模糊评估研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 03:26

本文选题：井下定位 + 数据融合　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：以物联网技术为框架主体的信息化技术正推动铅锌矿矿山建设的持续发展。现有铅锌矿井下定位系统、井下安全指标传感采集系统及井下安全评估系统所存在的缺陷和不足,已成为制约提高矿井安全生产水平的瓶颈问题,研究开发能够满足铅锌矿矿井需求的综合安全系统十分必要。当矿井发生紧急情况或灾害时,铅锌矿矿井下人员及重要设备的位置信息无法实时并精确的确定,而针对现有的区域定位系统,并不能使抢险救援得到有效的信息支持；铅锌矿矿井中缺乏覆盖矿井的感知网络,存在感知盲点,无法保证铅锌矿安全生产的需求；铅锌矿井下虽然部署了大量安全指标数据采集传感器(例如有害气体浓度、塌方参数等),但传感数据冗余大,缺乏相关安全指标数据的综合关联分析,造成各类数据和各个系统之间的孤立,不能联动进行处理,应用层面缺乏智能性；铅锌矿井下缺乏整体动态安全风险评估机制,不能实时对铅锌矿矿井安全做出一个合理的风险评估。本文针对铅锌矿井下综合安全评估系统的缺失问题,首先对井下人员和重要设备安装定位器件,实时获取位置信息；其次对铅锌矿井下多种重要安全指标进行传感采集,并对采集数据进行数据融合以实现井下安全动态分析监测的目的；利用井下人员和重要设备定位信息以及井下采集的重要安全指标数据,试图建立一个实验性的铅锌矿井下风险动态模糊评估系统。本文在前人研究的关于精确定位技术、数据融合技术以及模糊评估技术基础上,着重进行了铅锌矿井下定位误差修正与实验、井下多源异构传感器数据融合技术以及井下安全动态模糊评估技术三个方面的研究。本文取得的主要工作成果和创新包括：(1)针对目前铅锌矿井下人员和设备定位系统的不足,提出对井下定位系统进行改进和实验。首先对铅锌矿井下电磁波在不同横截面巷道传输衰减造成的定位模型误差进行分析和修正,并采用MATLAB软件搭建定位模拟仿真环境,根据实际测量得到的铅锌矿井下数据,分别对定位原模型和修正模型的均方误差MSE(Mean Square Error)和均方根误差RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)进行分析,并通过比较定位模型的定位坐标与实际坐标,以及均方根误差RMSE的比较,对仿真定位模型准确率进行了分析评价。实验结果显示建立的仿真定位系统的定位效果可以满足实际的需求,误差修正对井下定位有一定的促进作用。(2)针对目前铅锌矿井下缺乏对多种数据源且结构不同的安全指标传感数据进行综合处理的解决方案,本文提出应该对铅锌矿井下的多源异质异构传感器网络采集的安全指标数据进行融合处理,以便从综合处理的过程中发现规律,进行更深层次的分析。首先研究了基于分层的铅锌矿井下实时应急多源异质异构传感器网络数据融合协议,该协议分为自适应加权同质同类传感器数据级融合,BP神经网络异质异构传感器特征级融合,D-S证据理论的决策级融合三层。通过仿真结果验证了提出的融合结构的可靠性,且融合方案改善了数据融合性能。(3)针对目前铅锌矿井下缺乏全面的安全分析评估系统,基于(1)和(2)采集的人员和设备位置信息以及井下的动态安全指标数据,提出利用风险评估方法设计动态的风险评价模型。首先研究并构建了基于Fuzzy-灰关联方法的矿井安全风险排序和分级评价模型。针对铅锌矿井下安全评估技术应用需求,提出了铅锌矿安全风险评价指标,构建了基于Fuzzy-灰关联方法的矿井安全风险排序和分级评价模型,并将此模型与基于Fuzzy TOPSIS风险评价模型在相同的指标体系下进行对比。通过实验,证实本文提出的fuzzy-灰关联模型对风险的敏感程度更高、不同的打分态度下对于评价结果影响较小等特性。
[Abstract]:Information technology to networking technology for the main framework is to promote the sustainable development of lead-zinc mine construction. The existing positioning system in lead-zinc mine, mine safety index and sensor acquisition system of underground safety assessment of defects and deficiency of the system, has become a bottleneck which restricts the improvement of the level of safety production in coal mine, research and development to meet the comprehensive security system the need of mine lead-zinc mine is necessary. When the mine emergency or disaster, the location information of underground personnel lead-zinc mines and important equipment to real-time and accurate determination, and according to the existing regional positioning system, and can effectively rescue information support; mine lead-zinc mine lack of coverage in wireless sensor networks the perception, blind spots, can not guarantee the safe production of lead zinc ore demand; although the deployment of a large number of lead-zinc mine safety index data The sensor (such as the concentration of harmful gases, etc., but the landslide parameters) sensor data redundancy, lack of comprehensive analysis of related safety index data, cause all kinds of data and each system can not be isolated, linkage processing, application level and lack of intelligence; lack of overall dynamic security risk assessment mechanism in lead-zinc mine, make a a reasonable risk assessment for mine lead-zinc mine safety can not be real-time. In this paper, aiming at the problem of lack of comprehensive safety assessment system in lead-zinc mine, the mine personnel and equipment installation and positioning device, real-time access location information; secondly, the sensor acquisition in lead-zinc mine several important safety indicators, and the collection of data to realize the integration of underground the purpose of monitoring the safety of dynamic analysis; use of underground personnel and equipment important location information and to mine safety The dynamic risk index data, trying to build an experimental lead-zinc mine under fuzzy evaluation system. Based on the previous research on the precise positioning technology, data fusion technology and the fuzzy based assessment techniques, mainly focuses on the lead-zinc mine positioning error correction and experiment, multi-source heterogeneous sensor data fusion technology and underground mine safety dynamic fuzzy evaluation Study on the three aspects of technology. The main work and innovation include: (1) in view of the current shortage of lead-zinc mine personnel and equipment positioning system, put forward to the underground positioning system was improved and the experiment. First carries on the analysis and correction of lead-zinc mine electromagnetic waves in different cross section tunnel transmission attenuation positioning model the error caused, and using MATLAB software to build simulation environment according to the location, lead-zinc mine measured data, respectively. The mean square error of MSE positioning of the original model and the modified model (Mean Square Error) and the root mean square error of RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) were analyzed by comparing the positioning model and position coordinates and the actual coordinates, and the root mean square error of RMSE, the simulation model of positioning accuracy is analyzed. Experimental evaluation the results show the positioning effect simulation positioning system established can meet the actual demand, the error correction plays a certain role in promoting the underground location. (2) aiming at the lead-zinc mine solution to the lack of a variety of data sources and different structure safety index of sensing data, this paper puts forward the multi-source heterogeneous sensor network the safety index of data acquisition in lead-zinc mine for fusion processing, in order to find the rules from the process of comprehensive treatment, analysis of the deeper research firstly. The fusion protocol lead-zinc mine layered real-time emergency heterogeneous sensor networks based on multi-source data, the protocol is divided into adaptive weighted homogenous sensor data fusion, BP neural network is a heterogeneous sensor feature level fusion and decision level D-S evidence theory fusion three layer fusion structure is proposed. The reliability is verified by simulation results, and the fusion scheme improves the performance of data fusion. (3) aiming at the lead-zinc mine lack of comprehensive safety assessment system, based on (1) and (2) dynamic security index data collection information and the underground location of personnel and equipment, the paper puts forward the risk evaluation using the risk assessment method to design dynamic model. First, studied and constructed mine safety risk ranking and grading evaluation Fuzzy- gray relation model based on the method for lead-zinc mine safety assessment technology application demand, put forward lead Zinc mine safety risk evaluation index, construction of coal mine safety risk ranking and grading evaluation Fuzzy- gray correlation method based on the model, and this model is based on Fuzzy and TOPSIS risk assessment model were compared in the same index system. Through the experiment, confirmed the sensitivity of the fuzzy- grey relational model proposed in this paper for the higher risk, different the scoring attitude for the evaluation of the results of little effect and other characteristics.

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD67

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