某铁矿深部充填体强度及力学效应研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 14:02

本文选题：充填采矿 + 优化配比　；参考：《江西理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着深部开采的进展,原来的采矿工艺已经不能满足现有产量和安全的需要,无底柱分段崩落法遗留下来的空区将成为安全隐患。因此充填采矿法的结合使用,既可以处理大量空区、控制采场地压,也为尾矿处理、资源的综合利用提供了解决途径。充填体强度是治理空区保证安全生产的关键因素,所以深入研究充填料浆的配比、浓度,是保证充填治理效果、控制生产成本的核心问题。本文主要进行了充填体单轴压缩试验、剪切试验、三轴压缩试验,结合等效强度理论、能量匹配等进行理论验证,辅以数值模拟和现场监测方法,对某铁矿深部充填体强度和力学效应进行了研究,内容和结论如下:根据对充填物料进行单轴抗压强度试验、剪切试验等强度试验的结果,再综合矿山的实际生产要求、充填料浆的输送、生产成本等诸多因素,最终决定采用浓度为70%、砂灰比值为6的配料进行充填。通过运用充填体损伤过程中的应变等价原理、充填体与围岩的能量合理匹配及围岩作用下的充填体力学模型可靠性分析三种理论,对充填体所需要的理论强度与试验结果进行对比分析,得出试验最优方案与理论计算的结果基本吻合。因此实验室得出的最优参数可以作为实际充填作业的参考依据。针对某铁矿深部矿体开采情况及充填治理后的效果进行了模拟分析,运用FLAC3D进行综合模拟,以-382.5中段2-4空区及4-6空区作为研究的主体对象,展开深部开采及充填体稳定性研究,得出深部矿体开采后,空区顶板的的稳定性较好,而空区的两侧帮围岩则相对稍差。空区充填作业完成以后,充填体发挥作用,空区顶部的应力集中现象得到缓解,空区侧帮的围岩拉应力出现降低,部分区域的拉应力消失,空区周围各个区域的围岩移动程度都出现了降低趋势。由此可得,胶结充填方案的配比及充填体强度满足治理空区的标准。运用围岩二次应力监测和地表变形监测手段对采场开挖及充填后的效果进行分析。从应力—时间图像的变化趋势对采场的受扰动情况、充填作业以后应力重新分布的情况进行了对比,同时和地表变形监测的位移数据相结合,结果证明监测数据与数值模拟结果基本吻合,充分证实了实验室得出的充填配比方案可行,达到了证明充填作业达到了治理空区的目的,可以保障后续作业的安全进行。
[Abstract]:With the development of deep mining, the original mining technology can no longer meet the existing production and safety needs, and the empty area left over by sublevel caving without bottom pillar will become a hidden danger of safety.Therefore, the combined use of filling mining method can not only deal with a large number of empty areas, control mining site pressure, but also provide a solution for tailings treatment and comprehensive utilization of resources.The strength of filling body is the key factor to ensure safe production in the control of empty area, so it is the core problem to deeply study the proportion and concentration of filling slurry to ensure the effect of filling treatment and control the production cost.In this paper, uniaxial compression test, shear test, triaxial compression test, combined with the theory of equivalent strength and energy matching, are mainly carried out to verify the theory, supplemented by numerical simulation and field monitoring methods.This paper studies the strength and mechanical effect of a deep filling body in an iron mine. The contents and conclusions are as follows: according to the results of uniaxial compressive strength test, shear test and other strength tests, the actual production requirements of the mine are synthesised.Many factors, such as transportation of filling slurry and production cost, are finally decided to use the mixture with concentration of 70 and sand / ash ratio of 6.By applying the principle of strain equivalence in the process of backfill damage, the three theories of energy matching between backfill and surrounding rock and reliability analysis of backfill physical model under the action of surrounding rock are presented.The theoretical strength and the experimental results are compared and analyzed, and the results of the optimal scheme are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation.Therefore, the optimal parameters obtained from the laboratory can be used as a reference for practical filling operations.According to the mining situation of the deep ore body of a certain iron mine and the effect of the filling treatment, the comprehensive simulation is carried out by using FLAC3D, and the deep mining and the stability of the filling body are studied by taking the 2-4 empty area and 4-6 hollow area in the middle segment of -382.5 as the main objects of the study.It is concluded that the stability of the roof of the hollow area is better than that of the surrounding rock on both sides of the hollow area after the deep ore body is mined.After the filling operation of the empty area, the filling body plays a role, the stress concentration at the top of the empty area is alleviated, the tensile stress of surrounding rock of the side side of the empty area decreases, and the tensile stress of some areas disappears.The surrounding rock movement degree of each area around the empty area has a decreasing trend.It can be concluded that the ratio and strength of cemented filling meet the standard of controlling empty area.The secondary stress monitoring and surface deformation monitoring of surrounding rock are used to analyze the effect of excavation and filling in stope.According to the changing trend of stress-time image, the disturbance of stope and the redistribution of stress after filling operation are compared, and combined with the displacement data of surface deformation monitoring.The results show that the monitoring data are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results, which fully confirm the feasibility of the filling ratio scheme obtained by the laboratory, which can prove that the filling operation achieves the purpose of controlling the empty area and can ensure the safety of the subsequent work.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD853.34;TD861.1

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