一车多载式岩石劈裂机设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 04:29

本文选题：岩石劈裂机 + 自动定位　；参考：《青岛科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：劈裂机是由劈裂枪和动力站两个主要部件组成的用来劈裂、开采岩石的矿山机械设备。最近几年国内外劈裂机发展很迅速,已经投入使用的劈裂机主要是液压式劈裂机和气压式劈裂机两种。目前,国内在劈裂机的应用上存在很多不足之处,大部分矿区都还没有实现自动化开采,为了降低成本,多采用价格低廉的风钻结合铁锤打击钳子的方式进行开采,在开采过程中非常不安全。近年来,随着我国劳动力成本一路飙涨,矿区没法承受因劳动力成本增加而导致的利润严重下滑,因此矿区急需高效、自动化的岩石开采设备以降低劳动力成本。为解决上述问题,本文着力于研究岩石自动化开采方法,设计出一款用于高效开采岩石的一车多载式岩石劈裂机,论文主要研究内容如下:(1)针对国内某矿区目前开采岩石的步骤与方法,初步确定了一车多载式岩石劈裂机的功能,然后根据一车多载式岩石劈裂机要实现的功能,反向进行了设计。根据总机要实现的功能,把各个功能再分配给各个机构来实现,根据功能反推机构的结构与运动学轨迹,逐步对总体完成了设计。(2)论文为了更好的设计劈裂机,对岩石力学进行了学习,并且认真的研究了气动式劈裂机的岩石劈裂机理,清楚的了解岩石和劈裂机之间的相互作用力关系,从根本上确保了对劈裂机的受力情况非常清楚、透彻,使设计出的机构更加合理。(3)根据对整机的把握,论文把一车多载式岩石劈裂机分成了:防侧翻的车架系统、劈裂机的自动定位机构、劈裂机的间距自动调节机构、劈裂机总机的设计四个大的独立机构,分别进行了具体的设计研究;针对每个独立的机构,从这个机构的特点以及要实现的功能,然后从原理到结构进行具体的设计计算,并对每个机构提出了多个方案,经过对比分析,最终确定一个最合适的结构,最后再对结构进行了有限元分析,包括受力情况,结构变形情况等,最终设计出一个合理的独立机构。(4)论文整体上先对四个独立的机构按照从下往上的步骤进行了单独设计,最后给出了整机的三维结构,并且对每个独立机构分别进行了装配演示,使得整个论文看起来更加完整。文中经过对四个单独机构的设计,得到了能够防止发生侧翻的车架系统,实现了多套劈裂机的自动定位功能,同时单套劈裂机之间还实现了间距的自动调节功能,以及劈裂机的自动进给功能,实现了劈裂机的自动化目标。
[Abstract]:Splitting machine is a mining machine which consists of split gun and power station, which is used to split and mine rock.In recent years, domestic and foreign splitters have developed very rapidly. The split machines that have been put into use are mainly hydraulic splitters and pneumatic split machines.At present, there are many deficiencies in the application of splitting machine in our country. Most mining areas have not realized automatic mining. In order to reduce the cost, the low cost pneumatic drill combined with hammer hammer pincers is used for mining.It is very unsafe in the process of mining.In recent years, with the rapid increase of labor cost in China, the mining area can not afford the serious decline of profits caused by the increase of labor cost, so the mining area urgently needs efficient and automatic rock mining equipment to reduce the labor cost.In order to solve the above problems, this paper studies the method of rock automatic mining, and designs a kind of multi-load rock splitting machine which can be used in high-efficiency rock mining.The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) in view of the steps and methods of mining rock in a certain mining area in China, the functions of a load of multi-load rock splitting machine are preliminarily determined, and then according to the functions realized by a cart of multi-load rock splitting machine,The reverse design is carried out.According to the functions to be realized by the switchboard, each function is redistributed to each mechanism to realize it. According to the structure and kinematics track of the functional backstepping mechanism, the overall design of the split machine is completed step by step.) in order to better design the splitting machine,The rock mechanics is studied, and the rock splitting mechanism of pneumatic splitting machine is studied, and the interaction between rock and splitting machine is clearly understood, which ensures that the force of splitting machine is very clear.Thoroughly, the designed mechanism is more reasonable. (3) according to the grasp of the whole machine, the paper divides the multi-load rock splitting machine into four parts: the anti-rollover frame system, the automatic positioning mechanism of the splitting machine, the automatic adjusting mechanism of the split machine spacing,The design of split machine switchboard four large independent mechanisms, respectively, carried out specific design research; for each independent mechanism, from the characteristics of this mechanism and the functions to be realized, then from the principle to the structure of the specific design calculation,And put forward a number of schemes for each mechanism, through comparative analysis, finally determine the most suitable structure, and finally the finite element analysis of the structure, including the force, deformation, etc.Finally, a reasonable independent mechanism is designed. (4) in the whole paper, the four independent mechanisms are designed separately according to the step from bottom to top. Finally, the three-dimensional structure of the whole machine is given.The assembly demonstration of each independent mechanism makes the whole paper look more complete.Through the design of four separate mechanisms, the frame system which can prevent the rollover is obtained, and the automatic positioning function of multiple splitting machines is realized. At the same time, the automatic adjustment function of the distance between the single splitting machines is also realized.And the automatic feed function of splitting machine, realize the automatic goal of splitting machine.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD402

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