金川镍矿新型胶凝材料开发及管道输送特性的研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 05:27

本文选题：金川镍矿 + 新型胶凝材料　；参考：《内蒙古科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：充填采矿法不仅具有高回采率、低贫化率的显著优势，而且能够有效地控制采空区地压，防止地表沉陷；但存在充填料不足、充填成本高和采矿效益低等问题。金川镍矿是以埋藏深、围岩破碎、地应力高为特点的难开采矿床。通过大量的采矿技术攻关和生产实践，该最终选择了下向分层胶结充填采矿法。目前主要使用的胶凝材料为水泥，充填骨料为棒磨砂，采用高浓度、高灰砂比料浆充填，其充填成本之高国内外不多见，使企业面临巨大的经济压力。降低采矿成本是金川镍矿最迫切问题。甘肃省翁福集团每年排放大量的磷石膏废渣。磷石膏废渣的大量堆存，不仅占用了大量土地资源，还严重威胁了磷石膏堆场附近的地下水、地表水以及环境的安全。因此，利用磷石膏和废石固体废弃物，开发低成本和高强度的新型充填胶凝材料，不仅可以降低充填采矿成本，而且还实现固体废弃物的资源化利用，实现绿色无废开采，从而保护矿山环境，实现金川企业的可持续发展。根据前期大量探索试验，，以磷石膏、矿渣作为主要原料，以生石灰、NaOH和芒硝为复合激发剂，开发的新型胶凝材料配比大致范围为：生石灰4%～6%，NaOH为2%～4%，芒硝1.5%～2.5%，磷石膏为30%～40%。以棒磨砂为充填骨料，采用正交试验与极差分析，确定了新型胶凝材料的最优配比：生石灰4%，磷石膏35%， NaOH为3%，芒硝为2%，矿渣为54%。当胶砂比1:4，浓度80%，其充填体3d、7d、28d抗压强度分别达到2.17MPa、4.35MPa、8.97MPa，满足金川镍矿对充填体强度要求。根据SEM分析，揭示出新型胶凝材料的水化反应的主要产物是水化硅酸钙凝胶（C-S-H）和钙矾石（AFt）。开展了新型胶凝材料棒磨砂料浆的流变特性的试验研究。试验结果表明，新型胶凝材料的充填料浆流变特性与水泥料浆的流变特性不存在本质上的差异。新型胶凝材料的充填料浆仍属于宾汉体，满足金川镍矿对充填料浆自流输送的流动性的要求。利用Fluent软件进行料浆在管道中输送的数值模拟，模拟结果揭示了充填料浆在管道输送过程中的流动状态，清楚的观察到充填料浆的速度及压力分布情况。新型胶凝材料充填料浆在管道中呈现层流状态，并存在流核（柱塞流），利用金川矿区现有自流充填系统，可以实现自流充填。
[Abstract]:The filling mining method not only has significant advantages of high recovery rate and low dilution rate, but also can effectively control gob ground pressure and prevent surface subsidence, but there are problems such as insufficient filling, high filling cost and low mining benefit.
Jinchuan nickel mine is in deep buried, broken wall rock, high stress characteristics of difficult mining. The mining technology research and production practice, the final choice of underhand cut-and-fill mining method. The cementitious materials are currently used as filling aggregate for cement, grinding sand, high concentration, high sand than the slurry filling, the filling in high cost and rare, so that enterprises are facing tremendous economic pressure. To reduce the cost of mining in Jinchuan nickel mine is the most urgent problem.
Gansu province Weng Fu Group annual emissions of a large amount of phosphogypsum residue. The stockpiling of phosphogypsum waste, not only takes up a lot of land resources, but also a serious threat to the nearby phosphogypsum yard of groundwater, surface water and environmental safety. Therefore, waste utilization of phosphogypsum and solid waste, the development of new filling material is low cost and high strength, can not only reduce the cost of filling, but also realize the resource utilization of solid waste, green waste free mining, so as to protect the mine environment, realize the sustainable development of enterprises in Jinchuan.
According to a large number of exploratory experiments in the early stage, with phosphogypsum and slag as main raw materials and quicklime, NaOH and mirabilite as composite activators, the proportion of new cementing materials is roughly 4%: 6% quicklime, 2% to 4% of NaOH, 1.5% to 2.5% of Glauber's salt, and 30% to 40%. of phosphogypsum.
The rod mill as filling aggregate, by analysis of orthogonal test and range to determine the optimal proportion of new cementitious material: phosphogypsum lime 4%, 35%, 3% for NaOH, 2% for 54%. mirabilite slag, when cement sand ratio 1:4, the concentration of 80%, the filling body 3D, 7d, 28d compressive strength respectively. 2.17MPa, 4.35MPa, 8.97MPa, to meet the requirements of the strength of the filling body of Jinchuan nickel mine. According to the SEM analysis, reveals the main product of the hydration reaction of new cementitious material is calcium silicate hydrate gel (C-S-H) and Ettringite (AFt).
Experiment was conducted to study the rheological properties of new cementitious material rod grinding slurry. The experimental results show that the rheological properties of slurry and the rheological properties of cement slurry is a new cementing material there is no difference in essence. Filling slurry of new cementitious material still belongs to Bingham, full of gold ore of Sichuan slurry gravity transportation liquidity requirements.
Numerical simulation of slurry in pipeline by using Fluent software, the simulation results reveal the flow state of filling slurry in pipeline, clearly observed velocity and pressure distribution of filling slurry. The new cementitious material of filling slurry in pipeline in the presentation layer flow state and flow (nuclear Zhu Sailiu), using Jinchuan mining existing gravity filling system, can achieve self filling.

【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD853.34

【参考文献】