煤矿生产班组不安全行为及控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 13:13

本文选题：煤矿 + 生产班组　；参考：《西安科技大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：不安全行为的认知、监控水平事关煤矿事故预防的有效性。近年来,国家对煤矿的安全生产给予了极大的关注,采取了一系列的措施,煤矿企业安全生产形势有所稳定和好转。尽管如此,煤炭行业的安全生产形势依然严峻。众多煤矿安全事故调查的结果显示,90%以上的事故发生在生产班组,其中的80%是由于生产班组作业中的不安全行为引发的。在我国煤矿安全管理中,生产班组不安全行为虽然不断的得到强调,但从安全研究角度而言还远远不够,对于生产班组不安全行为的产生原因、影响机制和影响强度等都没有得到足够的研究和重视。根据煤矿的生产特点,结合不安全行为理论及研究目的,界定了煤矿生产班组不安全行为的内涵;在统计划分煤矿生产班组类别的基础上,采用问卷调查和分类调查的方法,对煤矿生产班组不安全行为进行了调查,确定了综采所涉生产班组不安全行为的具体表现形式。基于矿工风险感知、危险认知和行为响应过程,提出了矿工个体不安全行为产生机理,并给出了产生途径;基于进化博弈理论定量分析了矿工不安全行为的动态演化规律;提出了基于致因的矿工不安全行为分类方法,并分析了矿工不安全行为的特征。首次界定了煤矿生产班组群体不安全行为的内涵,通过文献研究、资料分析、现场访谈等方法确定了其影响因素集;运用灰色关联分析和层次分析法,对各影响因素进行了重要度排序,选取重要度较高的因素进行了重点分析。构建了生产班组群体不安全行为形成的初始理论模型,基于问卷调查数据并运用结构方程模型对初始理论模型进行评价;根据初始理论模型对调查数据的拟合结果,对其进行了修正,对修正后的理论模型进行了路径分析。实证分析结果表明:班组长领导、班组凝聚力、班组安全规范、班组安全文化和班组作业环境对班组群体不安全行为的形成均有显著的影响;班组长领导的影响程度最大,且班组长领导又通过班组凝聚力间接地影响班组群体不安全行为。最后针对班组矿工个体和班组群体不安全行为所涉及的要素和形成过程,提出了煤矿生产班组不安全行为的控制对策;控制对策主要包括五个方面:监管安全行为薄弱矿工,选拔优秀煤矿班组长,提升生产班组凝聚力,建设良好班组安全文化,优化生产班组作业环境。
[Abstract]:The cognition and monitoring level of unsafe behavior is related to the effectiveness of coal mine accident prevention. In recent years, the state has paid great attention to the safety of coal mine production, and adopted a series of measures to stabilize and improve the safety production situation of coal mining enterprises. Nevertheless, the coal industry's safe production situation is still grim. The results of many coal mine safety accidents investigation show that more than 90% of accidents occur in production teams, 80% of which are caused by unsafe behavior in production teams. In the coal mine safety management of our country, although the unsafe behavior of production shift group is emphasized constantly, it is far from enough from the angle of safety research, and the reason of unsafe behavior of production shift group is not enough. The influence mechanism and influence intensity have not been studied and paid enough attention to. According to the characteristics of coal mine production, combined with unsafe behavior theory and research purpose, this paper defines the connotation of unsafe behavior of coal production teams and groups, and adopts the methods of questionnaire survey and classified investigation on the basis of statistical classification of coal mine production groups. The unsafe behavior of coal production teams is investigated and the concrete forms of unsafe behaviors of production teams involved in fully mechanized coal mining are determined. Based on the process of risk perception, risk cognition and behavior response of miners, this paper puts forward the mechanism of individual unsafe behavior of miners and gives the way to produce it, and quantitatively analyzes the dynamic evolution law of unsafe behavior of miners based on evolutionary game theory. The classification method of miner's unsafe behavior based on cause is put forward, and the characteristics of miner's unsafe behavior are analyzed. This paper defines the connotation of unsafe behavior of coal production groups for the first time, determines the set of influencing factors by the methods of literature research, data analysis, field interview, and applies grey correlation analysis and analytic hierarchy process. The importance of each factor is sorted, and the factors with high importance are selected. In this paper, the initial theoretical model of unsafe behavior of production groups is constructed, based on the questionnaire data and structural equation model, the initial theoretical model is evaluated, and the fitting results of the survey data are given according to the initial theoretical model. The modified model is modified and the path of the modified model is analyzed. The results of empirical analysis show that: group leader, group cohesion, team safety standard, team safety culture and team work environment all have significant influence on the formation of group unsafe behavior, while group leader has the greatest influence on the formation of group unsafe behavior. And group leaders indirectly affect group unsafe behavior through group cohesion. Finally, aiming at the factors and forming process of unsafe behavior of individual and group groups, the paper puts forward the control countermeasures of unsafe behavior of coal production groups, which mainly include five aspects: supervision of weak safety behavior of miners, Select excellent coal mine team leader, improve the cohesion of production team, build a good team safety culture, optimize the working environment of production team.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD79

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